Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

PER3

Period circadian protein homolog 3

Also known as: PER3_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: P56645
Gene: PER3
Ensembl: ENSG00000049246
Chromosome: 1
Canonical length: 1201 aa
Protein class: Disease related genes, Human disease related genes, Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location: Cytosol
Quaternary structure: Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene is a member of the Period family of genes and is expressed in a circadian pattern in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, the primary circadian pacemaker in the mammalian brain. Genes in this family encode components of the circadian rhythms of locomotor activity, metabolism, and behavior. This gene is upregulated by CLOCK/ARNTL heterodimers but then represses this upregulation in a feedback loop using PER/CRY heterodimers to interact with CLOCK/ARNTL. Polymorphisms in this gene have been linked to sleep disorders. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2014]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

1201 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P56645|PER3
     1  MPRGEAPGPG RRGAKDEALG EESGERWSPE FHLQRKLADS SHSEQQDRNR VSEELIMVVQ
    61  EMKKYFPSER RNKPSTLDAL NYALRCVHSV QANSEFFQIL SQNGAPQADV SMYSLEELAT
   121  IASEHTSKNT DTFVAVFSFL SGRLVHISEQ AALILNRKKD VLASSHFVDL LAPQDMRVFY
   181  AHTARAQLPF WNNWTQRAAR YECAPVKPFF CRIRGGEDRK QEKCHSPFRI IPYLIHVHHP
   241  AQPELESEPC CLTVVEKIHS GYEAPRIPVN KRIFTTTHTP GCVFLEVDEK AVPLLGYLPQ
   301  DLIGTSILSY LHPEDRSLMV AIHQKVLKYA GHPPFEHSPI RFCTQNGDYI ILDSSWSSFV
   361  NPWSRKISFI IGRHKVRTSP LNEDVFATKI KKMNDNDKDI TELQEQIYKL LLQPVHVSVS
   421  SGYGSLGSSG SQEQLVSIAS SSEASGHRVE ETKAEQMTLQ QVYASVNKIK NLGQQLYIES
   481  MTKSSFKPVT GTRTEPNGGG ECKTFTSFHQ TLKNNSVYTE PCEDLRNDEH SPSYQQINCI
   541  DSVIRYLKSY NIPALKRKCI SCTNTTSSSS EEDKQNHKAD DVQALQAGLQ IPAIPKSEMP
   601  TNGRSIDTGG GAPQILSTAM LSLGSGISQC GYSSTIVHVP PPETARDATL FCEPWTLNMQ
   661  PAPLTSEEFK HVGLTAAVLS AHTQKEEQNY VDKFREKILS SPYSSYLQQE SRSKAKYSYF
   721  QGDSTSKQTR SAGCRKGKHK RKKLPEPPDS SSSNTGSGPR RGAHQNAQPC CPSAASSPHT
   781  SSPTFPPAAM VPSQAPYLVP AFPLPAATSP GREYAAPGTA PEGLHGLPLS EGLQPYPAFP
   841  FPYLDTFMTV FLPDPPVCPL LSPSFLPCPF LGATASSAIS PSMSSAMSPT LDPPPSVTSQ
   901  RREEEKWEAQ SEGHPFITSR SSSPLQLNLL QEEMPRPSES PDQMRRNTCP QTEYCVTGNN
   961  GSESSPATTG ALSTGSPPRE NPSHPTASAL STGSPPMKNP SHPTASALST GSPPMKNPSH
  1021  PTASTLSMGL PPSRTPSHPT ATVLSTGSPP SESPSRTGSA ASGSSDSSIY LTSSVYSSKI
  1081  SQNGQQSQDV QKKETFPNVA EEPIWRMIRQ TPERILMTYQ VPERVKEVVL KEDLEKLESM
  1141  RQQQPQFSHG QKEELAKVYN WIQSQTVTQE IDIQACVTCE NEDSADGAAT SCGQVLVEDS
  1201  C

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against PER3 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Intracellular
Secreted: No
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.56
Highest tissue expression: 51 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

retina: 51 nTPM
cerebellum: 41 nTPM
skeletal muscle: 26 nTPM
liver: 23 nTPM
salivary gland: 23 nTPM
tongue: 22 nTPM

Single-cell type

retinal bipolar cells: 806 nCPM
rod photoreceptor cells: 444 nCPM
müller glia: 437 nCPM
retinal horizontal cells: 403 nCPM
myonuclei: 369 nCPM
bergmann glia: 355 nCPM

Immune cell

MAIT T-cell: 1.7 nTPM
gdT-cell: 1.3 nTPM
memory CD8 T-cell: 1.3 nTPM
non-classical monocyte: 1.2 nTPM
T-reg: 1.2 nTPM
intermediate monocyte: 0.7 nTPM

Brain region

cerebellum: 110 nTPM
white matter: 68 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 50 nTPM
pons: 47 nTPM
thalamus: 46 nTPM
basal ganglia: 45 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about PER3.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions PER3 is implicated in, by any mechanism.

Advanced sleep phase syndrome, familial, 3 (FASPS3) MIM:616882

Disease | GeneticClinVar

4 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 262 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

See cases
Methylcobalamin deficiency type cblE

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 0.84
gnomAD pLI: 0
gnomAD missense Z: -0.11
DepMap mean gene effect: -0.09
DepMap dependency class: selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of PER3 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads PER3 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against PER3 could matter depends on whether native PER3 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

PER3 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label PER3 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Loading the interactive Seroatlas protein explorer...