Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

NRP1

Neuropilin-1

Also known as: CD304, NRP, NRP1_HUMAN, VEGF165R

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
O14786
Gene
NRP1
Ensembl
ENSG00000099250
Chromosome
10
Canonical length
923 aa
Protein class
Cancer-related genes, CD markers, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted membrane proteins, Predicted secreted proteins, Transporters
Subcellular location
Mitochondria
Secretome location
Secreted in other tissues
Quaternary structure
Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes one of two neuropilins, which contain specific protein domains which allow them to participate in several different types of signaling pathways that control cell migration. Neuropilins contain a large N-terminal extracellular domain, made up of complement-binding, coagulation factor V/VIII, and meprin domains. These proteins also contains a short membrane-spanning domain and a small cytoplasmic domain. Neuropilins bind many ligands and various types of co-receptors; they affect cell survival, migration, and attraction. Some of the ligands and co-receptors bound by neuropilins are vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and semaphorin family members. This protein has also been determined to act as a co-receptor for SARS-CoV-2 (which causes COVID-19) to infect host cells. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2020]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

923 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>O14786|NRP1
     1  MERGLPLLCA VLALVLAPAG AFRNDKCGDT IKIESPGYLT SPGYPHSYHP SEKCEWLIQA
    61  PDPYQRIMIN FNPHFDLEDR DCKYDYVEVF DGENENGHFR GKFCGKIAPP PVVSSGPFLF
   121  IKFVSDYETH GAGFSIRYEI FKRGPECSQN YTTPSGVIKS PGFPEKYPNS LECTYIVFVP
   181  KMSEIILEFE SFDLEPDSNP PGGMFCRYDR LEIWDGFPDV GPHIGRYCGQ KTPGRIRSSS
   241  GILSMVFYTD SAIAKEGFSA NYSVLQSSVS EDFKCMEALG MESGEIHSDQ ITASSQYSTN
   301  WSAERSRLNY PENGWTPGED SYREWIQVDL GLLRFVTAVG TQGAISKETK KKYYVKTYKI
   361  DVSSNGEDWI TIKEGNKPVL FQGNTNPTDV VVAVFPKPLI TRFVRIKPAT WETGISMRFE
   421  VYGCKITDYP CSGMLGMVSG LISDSQITSS NQGDRNWMPE NIRLVTSRSG WALPPAPHSY
   481  INEWLQIDLG EEKIVRGIII QGGKHRENKV FMRKFKIGYS NNGSDWKMIM DDSKRKAKSF
   541  EGNNNYDTPE LRTFPALSTR FIRIYPERAT HGGLGLRMEL LGCEVEAPTA GPTTPNGNLV
   601  DECDDDQANC HSGTGDDFQL TGGTTVLATE KPTVIDSTIQ SEFPTYGFNC EFGWGSHKTF
   661  CHWEHDNHVQ LKWSVLTSKT GPIQDHTGDG NFIYSQADEN QKGKVARLVS PVVYSQNSAH
   721  CMTFWYHMSG SHVGTLRVKL RYQKPEEYDQ LVWMAIGHQG DHWKEGRVLL HKSLKLYQVI
   781  FEGEIGKGNL GGIAVDDISI NNHISQEDCA KPADLDKKNP EIKIDETGST PGYEGEGEGD
   841  KNISRKPGNV LKTLDPILIT IIAMSALGVL LGAVCGVVLY CACWHNGMSE RNLSALENYN
   901  FELVDGVKLK KDKLNTQSTY SEA

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against NRP1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Cell surface
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
1
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.34
Highest tissue expression
126 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • placenta: 126 nTPM
  • adipose tissue: 117 nTPM
  • heart muscle: 76 nTPM
  • spleen: 63 nTPM
  • breast: 60 nTPM
  • lung: 60 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • hofbauer cells: 616 nCPM
  • proximal tubule cells: 612 nCPM
  • vascular endothelial cells: 593 nCPM
  • adipocytes: 547 nCPM
  • kupffer cells: 469 nCPM
  • macrophages: 453 nCPM

Immune cell

  • plasmacytoid DC: 39 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 2.5 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 2.3 nTPM
  • NK-cell: 1.2 nTPM
  • MAIT T-cell: 0.9 nTPM
  • total PBMC: 0.9 nTPM

Brain region

  • hippocampal formation: 133 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 84 nTPM
  • choroid plexus: 59 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 58 nTPM
  • thalamus: 52 nTPM
  • white matter: 51 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.3
gnomAD pLI
0.99
gnomAD missense Z
1.56
DepMap mean gene effect
0.04
DepMap dependency class
none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of NRP1 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads NRP1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against NRP1 could matter depends on whether native NRP1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

NRP1 is annotated at the cell surface, where native NRP1 is exposed to circulating antibodies and is a prime autoantibody target that could block, deplete, or overstimulate it.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label NRP1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/NRP1. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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