KRT16

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession

P08779

Gene

KRT16

Ensembl

ENSG00000186832

Chromosome

17

Canonical length

473 aa

Protein class

Disease related genes, Human disease related genes, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins

Subcellular location

Intermediate filaments

OverviewNCBI Gene

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the keratin gene family. The keratins are intermediate filament proteins responsible for the structural integrity of epithelial cells and are subdivided into cytokeratins and hair keratins. Most of the type I cytokeratins consist of acidic proteins which are arranged in pairs of heterotypic keratin chains and are clustered in a region of chromosome 17q12-q21. This keratin has been coexpressed with keratin 14 in a number of epithelial tissues, including esophagus, tongue, and hair follicles. Mutations in this gene are associated with type 1 pachyonychia congenita, non-epidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma and unilateral palmoplantar verrucous nevus. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

473 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P08779|KRT16
     1  MTTCSRQFTS SSSMKGSCGI GGGIGGGSSR ISSVLAGGSC RAPSTYGGGL SVSSRFSSGG
    61  ACGLGGGYGG GFSSSSSFGS GFGGGYGGGL GAGFGGGLGA GFGGGFAGGD GLLVGSEKVT
   121  MQNLNDRLAS YLDKVRALEE ANADLEVKIR DWYQRQRPSE IKDYSPYFKT IEDLRNKIIA
   181  ATIENAQPIL QIDNARLAAD DFRTKYEHEL ALRQTVEADV NGLRRVLDEL TLARTDLEMQ
   241  IEGLKEELAY LRKNHEEEML ALRGQTGGDV NVEMDAAPGV DLSRILNEMR DQYEQMAEKN
   301  RRDAETWFLS KTEELNKEVA SNSELVQSSR SEVTELRRVL QGLEIELQSQ LSMKASLENS
   361  LEETKGRYCM QLSQIQGLIG SVEEQLAQLR CEMEQQSQEY QILLDVKTRL EQEIATYRRL
   421  LEGEDAHLSS QQASGQSYSS REVFTSSSSS SSRQTRPILK EQSSSSFSQG QSS

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against KRT16 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability

Intracellular

Secreted

No

Transmembrane segments

0

Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)

0.57

Highest tissue expression

1,008 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about KRT16.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions KRT16 is implicated in, by any mechanism.

• Pachyonychia congenita 1 (PC1) MIM:167200
• Keratoderma, palmoplantar, non-epidermolytic, focal 1 (FNEPPK1) MIM:613000

Disease | GeneticClinVar

22 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 183 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

• Pachyonychia congenita 1
• Palmoplantar keratoderma, nonepidermolytic, focal 1
• KRT16-related disorder
• Ichthyosis and erythrokeratoderma

Disease | ImmuneIEDB

Conditions an epitope on KRT16 was assayed in.

• psoriasis T cell
• invasive ductal carcinoma T cell

ReferencesPubMed · IEDB

Publications for KRT16 from three distinct lines of evidence, kept separate because they answer different questions: whether antibodies are directed at the protein, whether a B-cell epitope has been mapped on it, and whether a T-cell epitope has. Each is labelled with its source.

Sources: PubMed — antigen-level antibody evidence from a custom retrieval. Records matching a controlled set of autoantibody terms (the MeSH descriptors Autoantibodies and Autoantigens, with title and abstract term variants) were obtained through NCBI E-utilities, and their titles and abstracts parsed for constructions that direct an antibody at a named protein rather than for co-occurrence. Captured names were resolved against UniProt nomenclature and each antigen adjudicated individually against the source text. IEDB — curated epitope assays from the Immune Epitope Database (Vita et al., Nucleic Acids Research 2019). Bibliographic records from PubMed and MeSH, U.S. National Library of Medicine; citation metrics from NIH iCite (Hutchins et al., PLoS Biology 2016). Titles link to PubMed; abstracts are not reproduced here. The NLM does not endorse this analysis.

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)

1.61

gnomAD pLI

0

gnomAD missense Z

-0.31

DepMap mean gene effect

0.23

DepMap dependency class

none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 3% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

• cytoskeleton organization
• establishment of skin barrier
• hair cycle
• inflammatory response
• innate immune response
• intermediate filament organization
• keratinization
• keratinocyte differentiation
• keratinocyte migration
• morphogenesis of an epithelium
• negative regulation of cell migration

Molecular functions

• structural constituent of cytoskeleton
• structural constituent of skin epidermis

Cellular components

• cornified envelope
• cytoskeleton
• cytosol
• extracellular exosome
• intermediate filament
• keratin filament
• nucleus

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

• Keratin, type I
• Intermediate filament protein, conserved site
• Intermediate filament, rod domain
• Intermediate filament protein

KeywordsUniProt

• Coiled coil
• Ectodermal dysplasia
• Intermediate filament
• Keratin
• Palmoplantar keratoderma

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of KRT16 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

• TCHP
• TRADD
• KRT2
• KRT3
• KRT4
• KRT5
• KRT6A
• KRT76
• KRT8
• PRPH
• SGF29