Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

HMGA2

High mobility group protein HMGI-C

Also known as: BABL, HMGA2_HUMAN, HMGIC, LIPO

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P52926
Gene
HMGA2
Ensembl
ENSG00000149948
Chromosome
12
Canonical length
109 aa
Protein class
Cancer-related genes, Disease related genes, Human disease related genes, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins, Transcription factors
Subcellular location
Nucleoplasm,Nucleoli,Nucleoli rim

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a protein that belongs to the non-histone chromosomal high mobility group (HMG) protein family. HMG proteins function as architectural factors and are essential components of the enhancesome. This protein contains structural DNA-binding domains and may act as a transcriptional regulating factor. Identification of the deletion, amplification, and rearrangement of this gene that are associated with myxoid liposarcoma suggests a role in adipogenesis and mesenchymal differentiation. A gene knock out study of the mouse counterpart demonstrated that this gene is involved in diet-induced obesity. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

109 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P52926|HMGA2
     1  MSARGEGAGQ PSTSAQGQPA APAPQKRGRG RPRKQQQEPT GEPSPKRPRG RPKGSKNKSP
    61  SKAAQKKAEA TGEKRPRGRP RKWPQQVVQK KPAQEETEET SSQESAEED

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against HMGA2 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.72
Highest tissue expression
4.6 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • bone marrow: 4.6 nTPM
  • testis: 3.6 nTPM
  • rectum: 2.2 nTPM
  • colon: 1.9 nTPM
  • skeletal muscle: 1.5 nTPM
  • duodenum: 1.2 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • pituicytes/fscs: 455 nCPM
  • hematopoietic stem cells: 428 nCPM
  • endometrial secretory cells: 168 nCPM
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors: 154 nCPM
  • erythrocyte progenitors: 150 nCPM
  • megakaryocyte progenitors: 108 nCPM

Immune cell

  • basophil: 1.5 nTPM
  • neutrophil: 0.6 nTPM
  • non-classical monocyte: 0.6 nTPM
  • NK-cell: 0.3 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 0.2 nTPM
  • eosinophil: 0.2 nTPM

Brain region

  • cerebellum: 4.8 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 4.4 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 4.3 nTPM
  • white matter: 4.2 nTPM
  • midbrain: 3.8 nTPM
  • amygdala: 3.7 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about HMGA2.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions HMGA2 is implicated in, by any mechanism.

Disease | GeneticClinVar

9 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 55 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.45
gnomAD pLI
0.87
gnomAD missense Z
1.34
DepMap mean gene effect
0.02
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 5% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of HMGA2 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads HMGA2 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against HMGA2 could matter depends on whether native HMGA2 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

HMGA2 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label HMGA2 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/HMGA2. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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