Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

ENDOG

Endonuclease G, mitochondrial

Also known as: NUCG_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
Q14249
Gene
ENDOG
Ensembl
ENSG00000167136
Chromosome
9
Canonical length
297 aa
Protein class
Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins
Secretome location
Intracellular and membrane
Quaternary structure
Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

The protein encoded by this gene is a nuclear encoded endonuclease that is localized in the mitochondrion. The encoded protein is widely distributed among animals and cleaves DNA at GC tracts. This protein is capable of generating the RNA primers required by DNA polymerase gamma to initiate replication of mitochondrial DNA. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

297 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q14249|ENDOG
     1  MRALRAGLTL ASGAGLGAVV EGWRRRREDA RAAPGLLGRL PVLPVAAAAE LPPVPGGPRG
    61  PGELAKYGLP GLAQLKSRES YVLCYDPRTR GALWVVEQLR PERLRGDGDR RECDFREDDS
   121  VHAYHRATNA DYRGSGFDRG HLAAAANHRW SQKAMDDTFY LSNVAPQVPH LNQNAWNNLE
   181  KYSRSLTRSY QNVYVCTGPL FLPRTEADGK SYVKYQVIGK NHVAVPTHFF KVLILEAAGG
   241  QIELRTYVMP NAPVDEAIPL ERFLVPIESI ERASGLLFVP NILARAGSLK AITAGSK

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against ENDOG can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.35
Highest tissue expression
127 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • skeletal muscle: 127 nTPM
  • tongue: 55 nTPM
  • liver: 52 nTPM
  • heart muscle: 50 nTPM
  • choroid plexus: 30 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 29 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • respiratory ciliated cells: 267 nCPM
  • late spermatids: 232 nCPM
  • fallopian tube ciliated cells: 185 nCPM
  • late primary spermatocytes: 122 nCPM
  • endometrial ciliated cells: 97 nCPM
  • epididymal efferent duct ciliated cells: 96 nCPM

Immune cell

  • plasmacytoid DC: 3.6 nTPM
  • naive B-cell: 2.9 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 2 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 1.8 nTPM
  • memory B-cell: 1.5 nTPM
  • naive CD8 T-cell: 1.4 nTPM

Brain region

  • choroid plexus: 39 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 34 nTPM
  • cerebellum: 32 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 31 nTPM
  • white matter: 29 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 29 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1.64
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
1.12
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.17
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of ENDOG in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads ENDOG as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against ENDOG could matter depends on whether native ENDOG is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

ENDOG is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label ENDOG as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/ENDOG. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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