Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

CGAS

Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase

Also known as: C6orf150, CGAS_HUMAN, h-cGAS, MB21D1

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
Q8N884
Gene
CGAS
Ensembl
ENSG00000164430
Chromosome
6
Canonical length
522 aa
Protein class
Enzymes, Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location
Nucleoplasm,Nuclear bodies,Cytosol
Quaternary structure
Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

Enables several functions, including 2',3'-cyclic GMP-AMP synthase activity; molecular condensate scaffold activity; and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate binding activity. Involved in several processes, including intracellular signal transduction; paracrine signaling; and regulation of defense response. Located in nuclear body; plasma membrane; and site of double-strand break. Is active in cytosol and nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

522 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q8N884|CGAS
     1  MQPWHGKAMQ RASEAGATAP KASARNARGA PMDPTESPAA PEAALPKAGK FGPARKSGSR
    61  QKKSAPDTQE RPPVRATGAR AKKAPQRAQD TQPSDATSAP GAEGLEPPAA REPALSRAGS
   121  CRQRGARCST KPRPPPGPWD VPSPGLPVSA PILVRRDAAP GASKLRAVLE KLKLSRDDIS
   181  TAAGMVKGVV DHLLLRLKCD SAFRGVGLLN TGSYYEHVKI SAPNEFDVMF KLEVPRIQLE
   241  EYSNTRAYYF VKFKRNPKEN PLSQFLEGEI LSASKMLSKF RKIIKEEIND IKDTDVIMKR
   301  KRGGSPAVTL LISEKISVDI TLALESKSSW PASTQEGLRI QNWLSAKVRK QLRLKPFYLV
   361  PKHAKEGNGF QEETWRLSFS HIEKEILNNH GKSKTCCENK EEKCCRKDCL KLMKYLLEQL
   421  KERFKDKKHL DKFSSYHVKT AFFHVCTQNP QDSQWDRKDL GLCFDNCVTY FLQCLRTEKL
   481  ENYFIPEFNL FSSNLIDKRS KEFLTKQIEY ERNNEFPVFD EF

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against CGAS can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Cell surface
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.41
Highest tissue expression
13 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • bone marrow: 13 nTPM
  • lymph node: 6.9 nTPM
  • appendix: 6 nTPM
  • spleen: 5.2 nTPM
  • tonsil: 4.4 nTPM
  • urinary bladder: 4 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • monocyte progenitors: 110 nCPM
  • neutrophils: 109 nCPM
  • neutrophil progenitors: 104 nCPM
  • monocytes: 85 nCPM
  • plasma cells: 66 nCPM
  • macrophages: 51 nCPM

Immune cell

  • basophil: 26 nTPM
  • eosinophil: 19 nTPM
  • plasmacytoid DC: 18 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 18 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 13 nTPM
  • non-classical monocyte: 12 nTPM

Brain region

  • white matter: 6.8 nTPM
  • thalamus: 6.6 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 6.3 nTPM
  • pons: 5.5 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 5.3 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 5.2 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1.29
gnomAD pLI
0
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.12
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of CGAS in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads CGAS as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against CGAS could matter depends on whether native CGAS is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

CGAS is annotated at the cell surface, where native CGAS is exposed to circulating antibodies and is a prime autoantibody target that could block, deplete, or overstimulate it.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label CGAS as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/CGAS. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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