VTN

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession

P04004

Gene

VTN

Ensembl

ENSG00000109072

Chromosome

17

Canonical length

478 aa

Protein class

Cancer-related genes, Candidate cardiovascular disease genes, Plasma proteins, Predicted secreted proteins, Transporters

Subcellular location

Endoplasmic reticulum,Vesicles

Secretome location

Secreted to blood

OverviewNCBI Gene

The protein encoded by this gene functions in part as an adhesive glycoprotein. Differential expression of this protein can promote either cell adhesion or migration as it links cells to the extracellular matrix through a variety of ligands. These ligands include integrins, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and urokinase plasminogen activator receptor. This secreted protein can be present in the plasma as a monomer or dimer and forms a multimer in the extracellular matrix of several tissues. This protein also inhibits the membrane-damaging effect of the terminal cytolytic complement pathway and binds to several serpin serine protease inhibitors. This protein can also promote extracellular matrix degradation and thus plays a role in tumorigenesis. It is involved in a variety of other biological processes such as the regulation of the coagulation pathway, wound healing, and tissue remodeling. The heparin-binding domain of this protein give it anti-microbial properties. It is also a lipid binding protein that forms a principal component of high density lipoprotein. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

478 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P04004|VTN
     1  MAPLRPLLIL ALLAWVALAD QESCKGRCTE GFNVDKKCQC DELCSYYQSC CTDYTAECKP
    61  QVTRGDVFTM PEDEYTVYDD GEEKNNATVH EQVGGPSLTS DLQAQSKGNP EQTPVLKPEE
   121  EAPAPEVGAS KPEGIDSRPE TLHPGRPQPP AEEELCSGKP FDAFTDLKNG SLFAFRGQYC
   181  YELDEKAVRP GYPKLIRDVW GIEGPIDAAF TRINCQGKTY LFKGSQYWRF EDGVLDPDYP
   241  RNISDGFDGI PDNVDAALAL PAHSYSGRER VYFFKGKQYW EYQFQHQPSQ EECEGSSLSA
   301  VFEHFAMMQR DSWEDIFELL FWGRTSAGTR QPQFISRDWH GVPGQVDAAM AGRIYISGMA
   361  PRPSLAKKQR FRHRNRKGYR SQRGHSRGRN QNSRRPSRAT WLSLFSSEES NLGANNYDDY
   421  RMDWLVPATC EPIQSVFFFS GDKYYRVNLR TRRVDTVDPP YPRSIAQYWL GCPAPGHL

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against VTN can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability

Secreted

Secreted

Yes

Transmembrane segments

0

Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)

0.42

Highest tissue expression

5,645 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

ReferencesPubMed · IEDB

Publications for VTN from three distinct lines of evidence, kept separate because they answer different questions: whether antibodies are directed at the protein, whether a B-cell epitope has been mapped on it, and whether a T-cell epitope has. Each is labelled with its source.

Sources: PubMed — antigen-level antibody evidence from a custom retrieval. Records matching a controlled set of autoantibody terms (the MeSH descriptors Autoantibodies and Autoantigens, with title and abstract term variants) were obtained through NCBI E-utilities, and their titles and abstracts parsed for constructions that direct an antibody at a named protein rather than for co-occurrence. Captured names were resolved against UniProt nomenclature and each antigen adjudicated individually against the source text. Bibliographic records from PubMed and MeSH, U.S. National Library of Medicine; citation metrics from NIH iCite (Hutchins et al., PLoS Biology 2016). Titles link to PubMed; abstracts are not reproduced here. The NLM does not endorse this analysis.

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)

1.06

gnomAD pLI

0

gnomAD missense Z

0.68

DepMap mean gene effect

-0.2

DepMap dependency class

selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 2% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

• cell adhesion
• cell adhesion mediated by integrin
• cell migration
• cell-matrix adhesion
• endodermal cell differentiation
• extracellular matrix organization
• immune response
• integrin-mediated signaling pathway
• liver regeneration
• negative regulation of blood coagulation
• negative regulation of fibrinolysis
• negative regulation of proteolysis
• oligodendrocyte differentiation
• positive regulation of cell-substrate adhesion
• positive regulation of integrin-mediated signaling pathway
• positive regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis
• positive regulation of smooth muscle cell migration
• positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway
• positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway
• positive regulation of wound healing
• protein polymerization
• regulation of cell adhesion
• smooth muscle cell-matrix adhesion

Molecular functions

• collagen binding
• extracellular matrix binding
• extracellular matrix structural constituent
• heparin binding
• identical protein binding
• integrin binding
• polysaccharide binding
• scavenger receptor activity

Cellular components

• alphav-beta3 integrin-vitronectin complex
• basement membrane
• blood microparticle
• endoplasmic reticulum
• extracellular exosome
• extracellular matrix
• extracellular region
• extracellular space
• Golgi lumen
• peptidase inhibitor complex
• protein complex involved in cell-matrix adhesion
• rough endoplasmic reticulum lumen
• symbiont-containing vacuole

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

• Hemopexin-like domain
• Somatomedin B domain
• Hemopexin, conserved site
• Hemopexin-like repeats
• Somatomedin B domain, chordata
• Somatomedin B-like domain superfamily
• Hemopexin-like domain superfamily
• Heme transport and cell adhesion protein
• Hemopexin
• Somatomedin B domain

KeywordsUniProt

• Cell adhesion
• Disulfide bond
• Glycoprotein
• Heparin-binding
• Phosphoprotein
• Repeat
• Secreted
• Signal
• Sulfation

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of VTN in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

• C1QBP
• SERPINE1
• PVR
• CFAP410
• NEK1