Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

TIA1

Cytotoxic granule associated RNA binding protein TIA1

Also known as: TIA-1, TIA1_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P31483
Gene
TIA1
Ensembl
ENSG00000116001
Chromosome
2
Canonical length
386 aa
Protein class
Disease related genes, Human disease related genes, Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location
Nucleoplasm,Cytosol
Quaternary structure
Homooligomer

OverviewNCBI Gene

The product encoded by this gene is a member of a RNA-binding protein family and possesses nucleolytic activity against cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) target cells. It has been suggested that this protein may be involved in the induction of apoptosis as it preferentially recognizes poly(A) homopolymers and induces DNA fragmentation in CTL targets. The major granule-associated species is a 15-kDa protein that is thought to be derived from the carboxyl terminus of the 40-kDa product by proteolytic processing. Alternative splicing resulting in different isoforms has been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2017]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

386 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P31483|TIA1
     1  MEDEMPKTLY VGNLSRDVTE ALILQLFSQI GPCKNCKMIM DTAGNDPYCF VEFHEHRHAA
    61  AALAAMNGRK IMGKEVKVNW ATTPSSQKKD TSSSTVVSTQ RSQDHFHVFV GDLSPEITTE
   121  DIKAAFAPFG RISDARVVKD MATGKSKGYG FVSFFNKWDA ENAIQQMGGQ WLGGRQIRTN
   181  WATRKPPAPK STYESNTKQL SYDEVVNQSS PSNCTVYCGG VTSGLTEQLM RQTFSPFGQI
   241  MEIRVFPDKG YSFVRFNSHE SAAHAIVSVN GTTIEGHVVK CYWGKETLDM INPVQQQNQI
   301  GYPQPYGQWG QWYGNAQQIG QYMPNGWQVP AYGMYGQAWN QQGFNQTQSS APWMGPNYGV
   361  QPPQGQNGSM LPNQPSGYRV AGYETQ

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against TIA1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.45
Highest tissue expression
70 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • ovary: 70 nTPM
  • epididymis: 66 nTPM
  • endometrium: 64 nTPM
  • retina: 63 nTPM
  • thymus: 63 nTPM
  • cervix: 61 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • platelets: 35 nCPM
  • tuft cells: 35 nCPM
  • late primary spermatocytes: 28 nCPM
  • epididymal principal cells: 21 nCPM
  • early spermatids: 19 nCPM
  • thyrotrophs: 19 nCPM

Immune cell

  • basophil: 14 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 8.8 nTPM
  • eosinophil: 8.4 nTPM
  • NK-cell: 8.2 nTPM
  • T-reg: 7.6 nTPM
  • memory B-cell: 7.1 nTPM

Brain region

  • white matter: 48 nTPM
  • cerebellum: 44 nTPM
  • choroid plexus: 40 nTPM
  • basal ganglia: 36 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 35 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 33 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about TIA1.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions TIA1 is implicated in, by any mechanism.

  • Welander distal myopathy (WDM) MIM:604454
  • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 26, with or without frontotemporal dementia (ALS26) MIM:619133

Disease | GeneticClinVar

1 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 357 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

  • Welander distal myopathy

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.44
gnomAD pLI
0.27
gnomAD missense Z
2.07
DepMap mean gene effect
0.02
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 5% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of TIA1 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads TIA1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against TIA1 could matter depends on whether native TIA1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

TIA1 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label TIA1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/TIA1. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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