Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

PTP4A1

Protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA 1

Also known as: PRL-1, PRL1, PTPCAAX1, TP4A1_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
Q93096
Gene
PTP4A1
Ensembl
ENSG00000112245
Chromosome
6
Canonical length
173 aa
Protein class
Enzymes, Predicted intracellular proteins
Quaternary structure
Homotrimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a member of a small class of prenylated protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), which contain a PTP domain and a characteristic C-terminal prenylation motif. The encoded protein is a cell signaling molecule that plays regulatory roles in a variety of cellular processes, including cell proliferation and migration. The protein may also be involved in cancer development and metastasis. This tyrosine phosphatase is a nuclear protein, but may associate with plasma membrane by means of its prenylation motif. Pseudogenes related to this gene are located on chromosomes 1, 2, 5, 7, 11 and X. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2013]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

173 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q93096|PTP4A1
     1  MARMNRPAPV EVTYKNMRFL ITHNPTNATL NKFIEELKKY GVTTIVRVCE ATYDTTLVEK
    61  EGIHVLDWPF DDGAPPSNQI VDDWLSLVKI KFREEPGCCI AVHCVAGLGR APVLVALALI
   121  EGGMKYEDAV QFIRQKRRGA FNSKQLLYLE KYRPKMRLRF KDSNGHRNNC CIQ

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against PTP4A1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Cell surface
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.3
Highest tissue expression
534 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • liver: 534 nTPM
  • skeletal muscle: 349 nTPM
  • bone marrow: 229 nTPM
  • adrenal gland: 150 nTPM
  • tongue: 125 nTPM
  • rectum: 123 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • salivary acinar cells: 99 nCPM
  • myonuclei: 82 nCPM
  • renal collecting duct principal cells: 41 nCPM
  • renal connecting tubule cells: 36 nCPM
  • ependymal cells: 34 nCPM
  • hepatocytes: 32 nCPM

Immune cell

  • neutrophil: 53 nTPM
  • basophil: 51 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 25 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 25 nTPM
  • MAIT T-cell: 24 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 21 nTPM

Brain region

  • white matter: 84 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 63 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 61 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 58 nTPM
  • pons: 53 nTPM
  • cerebellum: 51 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.79
gnomAD pLI
0.28
gnomAD missense Z
2.05
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.22
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 5% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of PTP4A1 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads PTP4A1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against PTP4A1 could matter depends on whether native PTP4A1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

PTP4A1 is annotated at the cell surface, where native PTP4A1 is exposed to circulating antibodies and is a prime autoantibody target that could block, deplete, or overstimulate it.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label PTP4A1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/PTP4A1. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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