Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

PARP9

Protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP9

Also known as: ARTD9, BAL, BAL1, PARP9_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: Q8IXQ6
Gene: PARP9
Ensembl: ENSG00000138496
Chromosome: 3
Canonical length: 854 aa
Protein class: Disease related genes, Metabolic proteins, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location: Nucleoplasm,Mitochondria,Cytosol

OverviewNCBI Gene

Enables several functions, including ADP-D-ribose binding activity; STAT family protein binding activity; and pentosyltransferase activity. Involved in several processes, including DNA damage checkpoint signaling; regulation of defense response; and regulation of macromolecule metabolic process. Located in several cellular components, including mitochondrion; nucleoplasm; and site of DNA damage. Part of protein-containing complex. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2025]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

854 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q8IXQ6|PARP9
     1  MDFSMVAGAA AYNEKSGRIT SLSLLFQKVF AQIFPQWRKG NTEECLPYKC SETGALGENY
    61  SWQIPINHND FKILKNNERQ LCEVLQNKFG CISTLVSPVQ EGNSKSLQVF RKMLTPRIEL
   121  SVWKDDLTTH AVDAVVNAAN EDLLHGGGLA LALVKAGGFE IQEESKQFVA RYGKVSAGEI
   181  AVTGAGRLPC KQIIHAVGPR WMEWDKQGCT GKLQRAIVSI LNYVIYKNTH IKTVAIPALS
   241  SGIFQFPLNL CTKTIVETIR VSLQGKPMMS NLKEIHLVSN EDPTVAAFKA ASEFILGKSE
   301  LGQETTPSFN AMVVNNLTLQ IVQGHIEWQT ADVIVNSVNP HDITVGPVAK SILQQAGVEM
   361  KSEFLATKAK QFQRSQLVLV TKGFNLFCKY IYHVLWHSEF PKPQILKHAM KECLEKCIEQ
   421  NITSISFPAL GTGNMEIKKE TAAEILFDEV LTFAKDHVKH QLTVKFVIFP TDLEIYKAFS
   481  SEMAKRSKML SLNNYSVPQS TREEKRENGL EARSPAINLM GFNVEEMYEA HAWIQRILSL
   541  QNHHIIENNH ILYLGRKEHD ILSQLQKTSS VSITEIISPG RTELEIEGAR ADLIEVVMNI
   601  EDMLCKVQEE MARKKERGLW RSLGQWTIQQ QKTQDEMKEN IIFLKCPVPP TQELLDQKKQ
   661  FEKCGLQVLK VEKIDNEVLM AAFQRKKKMM EEKLHRQPVS HRLFQQVPYQ FCNVVCRVGF
   721  QRMYSTPCDP KYGAGIYFTK NLKNLAEKAK KISAADKLIY VFEAEVLTGF FCQGHPLNIV
   781  PPPLSPGAID GHDSVVDNVS SPETFVIFSG MQAIPQYLWT CTQEYVQSQD YSSGPMRPFA
   841  QHPWRGFASG SPVD

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against PARP9 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Intracellular
Secreted: No
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.32
Highest tissue expression: 65 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

liver: 65 nTPM
spleen: 42 nTPM
salivary gland: 38 nTPM
lung: 35 nTPM
appendix: 34 nTPM
thymus: 29 nTPM

Single-cell type

neutrophils: 165 nCPM
esophageal apical cells: 86 nCPM
prostatic glandular cells: 83 nCPM
alveolar cells type 2: 76 nCPM
alveolar cells type 1: 74 nCPM
pancreatic islet cells: 73 nCPM

Immune cell

neutrophil: 89 nTPM
non-classical monocyte: 46 nTPM
basophil: 42 nTPM
intermediate monocyte: 42 nTPM
eosinophil: 38 nTPM
NK-cell: 31 nTPM

Brain region

medulla oblongata: 26 nTPM
thalamus: 18 nTPM
spinal cord: 18 nTPM
pons: 16 nTPM
white matter: 15 nTPM
midbrain: 13 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 0.81
gnomAD pLI: 0
gnomAD missense Z: 1.01
DepMap mean gene effect: 0.03
DepMap dependency class: none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 7% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

ADP-D-ribose binding
enzyme binding
enzyme inhibitor activity
histone binding
NAD+ poly-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity
nucleotidyltransferase activity
STAT family protein binding
transcription corepressor activity
ubiquitin-like protein ligase binding
NAD+-protein-C-terminal glycine ADP-ribosyltransferase activity

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of PARP9 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads PARP9 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against PARP9 could matter depends on whether native PARP9 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

PARP9 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label PARP9 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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