Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

NFS1

Cysteine desulfurase

Also known as: IscS, NFS1_HUMAN, NifS

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
Q9Y697
Gene
NFS1
Ensembl
ENSG00000244005
Chromosome
20
Canonical length
457 aa
Protein class
Disease related genes, Enzymes, Human disease related genes, Potential drug targets, Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location
Nucleoplasm,Cytosol
Quaternary structure
Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

Iron-sulfur clusters are required for the function of many cellular enzymes. The proteins encoded by this gene supply inorganic sulfur to these clusters by removing the sulfur from cysteine, creating alanine in the process. This gene uses alternate in-frame translation initiation sites to generate mitochondrial forms and cytoplasmic/nuclear forms. Selection of the alternative initiation sites is determined by the cytosolic pH. The encoded proteins belong to the class-V family of pyridoxal phosphate-dependent aminotransferases. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2010]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

457 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q9Y697|NFS1
     1  MLLRAAWRRA AVAVTAAPGP KPAAPTRGLR LRVGDRAPQS AVPADTAAAP EVGPVLRPLY
    61  MDVQATTPLD PRVLDAMLPY LINYYGNPHS RTHAYGWESE AAMERARQQV ASLIGADPRE
   121  IIFTSGATES NNIAIKGVAR FYRSRKKHLI TTQTEHKCVL DSCRSLEAEG FQVTYLPVQK
   181  SGIIDLKELE AAIQPDTSLV SVMTVNNEIG VKQPIAEIGR ICSSRKVYFH TDAAQAVGKI
   241  PLDVNDMKID LMSISGHKIY GPKGVGAIYI RRRPRVRVEA LQSGGGQERG MRSGTVPTPL
   301  VVGLGAACEV AQQEMEYDHK RISKLSERLI QNIMKSLPDV VMNGDPKHHY PGCINLSFAY
   361  VEGESLLMAL KDVALSSGSA CTSASLEPSY VLRAIGTDED LAHSSIRFGI GRFTTEEEVD
   421  YTVEKCIQHV KRLREMSPLW EMVQDGIDLK SIKWTQH

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against NFS1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.29
Highest tissue expression
39 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • kidney: 39 nTPM
  • liver: 35 nTPM
  • tongue: 34 nTPM
  • adrenal gland: 27 nTPM
  • parathyroid gland: 24 nTPM
  • skeletal muscle: 24 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • myonuclei: 25 nCPM
  • adipocytes: 20 nCPM
  • cardiomyocytes: 19 nCPM
  • distal convoluted tubule cells: 15 nCPM
  • retinal ganglion cells: 12 nCPM
  • mesothelial cells: 11 nCPM

Immune cell

  • NK-cell: 11 nTPM
  • T-reg: 9.7 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 9.3 nTPM
  • memory CD8 T-cell: 8.9 nTPM
  • memory B-cell: 8.3 nTPM
  • naive CD4 T-cell: 7.8 nTPM

Brain region

  • hypothalamus: 28 nTPM
  • choroid plexus: 27 nTPM
  • thalamus: 27 nTPM
  • cerebellum: 27 nTPM
  • pons: 27 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 26 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about NFS1.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions NFS1 is implicated in, by any mechanism.

  • Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 52 (COXPD52) MIM:619386

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.53
gnomAD pLI
0.06
gnomAD missense Z
1.41
DepMap mean gene effect
-1.45
DepMap dependency class
pan

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 15% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of NFS1 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads NFS1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against NFS1 could matter depends on whether native NFS1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

NFS1 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label NFS1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/NFS1. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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