Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

GCA

Grancalcin

Also known as: GCL, GRAN_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: P28676
Gene: GCA
Ensembl: ENSG00000115271
Chromosome: 2
Canonical length: 217 aa
Protein class: Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location: Plasma membrane,Cytosol
Quaternary structure: Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a calcium-binding protein that is abundant in neutrophils and macrophages. In the absence of divalent cation, this protein localizes to the cytosolic fraction; with magnesium alone, it partitions with the granule fraction; and in the presence of magnesium and calcium, it associates with both the granule and membrane fractions. Alternative splicing and use of alternative promoters results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

217 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P28676|GCA
     1  MAYPGYGGGF GNFSIQVPGM QMGQPVPETG PAILLDGYSG PAYSDTYSSA GDSVYTYFSA
    61  VAGQDGEVDA EELQRCLTQS GINGTYSPFS LETCRIMIAM LDRDHTGKMG FNAFKELWAA
   121  LNAWKENFMT VDQDGSGTVE HHELRQAIGL MGYRLSPQTL TTIVKRYSKN GRIFFDDYVA
   181  CCVKLRALTD FFRKRDHLQQ GSANFIYDDF LQGTMAI

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against GCA can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Intracellular
Secreted: No
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.38
Highest tissue expression: 308 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

bone marrow: 308 nTPM
spleen: 66 nTPM
appendix: 59 nTPM
spinal cord: 41 nTPM
lymph node: 31 nTPM
adipose tissue: 29 nTPM

Single-cell type

neutrophils: 3,494 nCPM
neutrophil progenitors: 2,177 nCPM
monocytes: 294 nCPM
monocyte progenitors: 264 nCPM
late primary spermatocytes: 255 nCPM
hofbauer cells: 173 nCPM

Immune cell

neutrophil: 868 nTPM
eosinophil: 328 nTPM
classical monocyte: 133 nTPM
intermediate monocyte: 78 nTPM
total PBMC: 71 nTPM
non-classical monocyte: 64 nTPM

Brain region

white matter: 67 nTPM
medulla oblongata: 44 nTPM
basal ganglia: 38 nTPM
pons: 36 nTPM
spinal cord: 36 nTPM
midbrain: 34 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 1.07
gnomAD pLI: 0
gnomAD missense Z: -0.01
DepMap mean gene effect: -0.02
DepMap dependency class: none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 5% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

membrane fusion

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of GCA in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads GCA as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against GCA could matter depends on whether native GCA is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

GCA is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label GCA as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Loading the interactive Seroatlas protein explorer...