AZIN1

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession

O14977

Gene

AZIN1

Ensembl

ENSG00000155096

Chromosome

8

Canonical length

448 aa

Protein class

Predicted intracellular proteins

Subcellular location

Nucleoli,Nucleoli rim

OverviewNCBI Gene

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the antizyme inhibitor family, which plays a role in cell growth and proliferation by maintaining polyamine homeostasis within the cell. Antizyme inhibitors are homologs of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC, the key enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis) that have lost the ability to decarboxylase ornithine; however, retain the ability to bind to antizymes. Antizymes negatively regulate intracellular polyamine levels by binding to ODC and targeting it for degradation, as well as by inhibiting polyamine uptake. Antizyme inhibitors function as positive regulators of polyamine levels by sequestering antizymes and neutralizing their effect. This gene encodes antizyme inhibitor 1, the first member of this gene family that is ubiquitously expressed, and is localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Overexpression of antizyme inhibitor 1 gene has been associated with increased proliferation, cellular transformation and tumorigenesis. Gene knockout studies showed that homozygous mutant mice lacking functional antizyme inhibitor 1 gene died at birth with abnormal liver morphology. RNA editing of this gene, predominantly in the liver tissue, has been linked to the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

448 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>O14977|AZIN1
     1  MKGFIDDANY SVGLLDEGTN LGNVIDNYVY EHTLTGKNAF FVGDLGKIVK KHSQWQNVVA
    61  QIKPFYTVKC NSAPAVLEIL AALGTGFACS SKNEMALVQE LGVPPENIIY ISPCKQVSQI
   121  KYAAKVGVNI LTCDNEIELK KIARNHPNAK VLLHIATEDN IGGEEGNMKF GTTLKNCRHL
   181  LECAKELDVQ IIGVKFHVSS ACKESQVYVH ALSDARCVFD MAGEIGFTMN MLDIGGGFTG
   241  TEFQLEEVNH VISPLLDIYF PEGSGVKIIS EPGSYYVSSA FTLAVNIIAK KVVENDKFPS
   301  GVEKTGSDEP AFMYYMNDGV YGSFASKLSE DLNTIPEVHK KYKEDEPLFT SSLWGPSCDE
   361  LDQIVESCLL PELNVGDWLI FDNMGADSFH EPSAFNDFQR PAIYYMMSFS DWYEMQDAGI
   421  TSDSMMKNFF FVPSCIQLSQ EDSFSAEA

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against AZIN1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability

Intracellular

Secreted

No

Transmembrane segments

0

Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)

0.27

Highest tissue expression

127 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)

0.24

gnomAD pLI

0.99

gnomAD missense Z

1.8

DepMap mean gene effect

-0.13

DepMap dependency class

selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 16% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

• negative regulation of protein catabolic process
• positive regulation of polyamine transmembrane transport
• putrescine biosynthetic process from arginine, via ornithine

Molecular functions

• ornithine decarboxylase activator activity
• ornithine decarboxylase activity

Cellular components

• cytoplasm
• cytosol
• nucleus

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

• Ornithine/DAP/Arg decarboxylase
• Ornithine decarboxylase
• Alanine racemase/group IV decarboxylase, C-terminal
• Orn/DAP/Arg decarboxylase 2, N-terminal
• Orn/DAP/Arg decarboxylase 2, conserved site
• PLP-binding barrel
• Pyridoxal-dependent decarboxylase, pyridoxal binding domain
• Antizyme inhibitor 1

KeywordsUniProt

• Nucleus
• Polyamine biosynthesis
• Ubl conjugation

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of AZIN1 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

• OAZ1
• OAZ3
• OAZ2