Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

ARL15

ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 15

Also known as: ARFRP2, ARL15_HUMAN, FLJ20051

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: Q9NXU5
Gene: ARL15
Ensembl: ENSG00000185305
Chromosome: 5
Canonical length: 204 aa
Protein class: Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location: Microtubules,Cytokinetic bridge,Mitotic spindle,Primary cilium,Basal body

OverviewNCBI Gene

Predicted to enable GTP binding activity and GTPase activity. Located in extracellular exosome. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

204 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q9NXU5|ARL15
     1  MSDLRITEAF LYMDYLCFRA LCCKGPPPAR PEYDLVCIGL TGSGKTSLLS KLCSESPDNV
    61  VSTTGFSIKA VPFQNAILNV KELGGADNIR KYWSRYYQGS QGVIFVLDSA SSEDDLEAAR
   121  NELHSALQHP QLCTLPFLIL ANHQDKPAAR SVQEIKKYFE LEPLARGKRW ILQPCSLDDM
   181  DALKDSFSQL INLLEEKDHE AVRM

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against ARL15 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Unknown
Secreted: No
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.32
Highest tissue expression: 21 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

placenta: 21 nTPM
kidney: 17 nTPM
cervix: 16 nTPM
smooth muscle: 16 nTPM
endometrium: 15 nTPM
gallbladder: 13 nTPM

Single-cell type

renal connecting tubule cells: 3,280 nCPM
sertoli cells: 2,305 nCPM
renal collecting duct intercalated cells: 2,220 nCPM
cytotrophoblasts: 1,519 nCPM
vascular endothelial cells: 1,394 nCPM
pituitary stem cells: 1,168 nCPM

Immune cell

neutrophil: 3.7 nTPM
T-reg: 2.6 nTPM
myeloid DC: 2.5 nTPM
eosinophil: 2.4 nTPM
classical monocyte: 1.8 nTPM
intermediate monocyte: 1.5 nTPM

Brain region

hippocampal formation: 12 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 12 nTPM
basal ganglia: 9.8 nTPM
choroid plexus: 9.6 nTPM
hypothalamus: 9.2 nTPM
thalamus: 8.6 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 1.2
gnomAD pLI: 0
gnomAD missense Z: 0.71
DepMap mean gene effect: -0.02
DepMap dependency class: selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 3% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Molecular functions

Cellular components

extracellular exosome

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

Small GTPase superfamily, ARF/SAR type
P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase
ADP-ribosylation factor family
ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 15

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of ARL15 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads ARL15 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against ARL15 could matter depends on whether native ARL15 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

ARL15 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label ARL15 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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