Potassium channel, inwardly rectifying, transmembrane domain
IPR040445
Definition
Inwardly-rectifying potassium channels (Kir) are the principal class of two-TM domain potassium channels. They are characterised by the property of inward-rectification, which is described as the ability to allow large inward currents and smaller outward currents. Inwardly rectifying potassium channels (Kir) are responsible for regulating diverse processes including: cellular excitability, vascular tone, heart rate, renal salt flow, and insulin release [[cite:PMID:10102275], [cite:PMID:31744859]]. To date, around twenty members of this superfamily have been cloned, which can be grouped into six families by sequence similarity, and these are designated Kir1.x-6.x [[cite:PMID:7580148], [cite:PMID:10449331]]. Cloned Kir channel cDNAs encode proteins of between ~370-500 residues, both N- and C-termini are cytoplasmic, and the N terminus lacks a signal sequence. Kir channel alpha subunits possess only 2TM domains linked with a P-domain. The two 'transmembrane passes' place the C-terminal tail on the cytoplasmic side of the membrane PMID:7580148. It is thought that four Kir subunits assemble to form a tetrameric channel complex, which may be hetero- or homomeric PMID:10102275.
16 human proteins with this domain
Each is a reviewed human protein in the Seroatlas serome and a potential autoantibody target; this domain groups them into one antibody-relevant category. Every entry links to its own record.
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