Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

TXNDC16

Thioredoxin domain-containing protein 16

Also known as: KIAA1344, TXD16_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: Q9P2K2
Gene: TXNDC16
Ensembl: ENSG00000087301
Chromosome: 14
Canonical length: 825 aa
Protein class: Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted secreted proteins
Subcellular location: Mitochondria
Secretome location: Secreted to blood

OverviewNCBI Gene

Located in endoplasmic reticulum lumen. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

825 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q9P2K2|TXNDC16
     1  MFSGFNVFRV GISFVIMCIF YMPTVNSLPE LSPQKYFSTL QPGKASLAYF CQADSPRTSV
    61  FLEELNEAVR PLQDYGISVA KVNCVKEEIS RYCGKEKDLM KAYLFKGNIL LREFPTDTLF
   121  DVNAIVAHVL FALLFSEVKY ITNLEDLQNI ENALKGKANI IFSYVRAIGI PEHRAVMEAA
   181  FVYGTTYQFV LTTEIALLES IGSEDVEYAH LYFFHCKLVL DLTQQCRRTL MEQPLTTLNI
   241  HLFIKTMKAP LLTEVAEDPQ QVSTVHLQLG LPLVFIVSQQ ATYEADRRTA EWVAWRLLGK
   301  AGVLLLLRDS LEVNIPQDAN VVFKRAEEGV PVEFLVLHDV DLIISHVENN MHIEEIQEDE
   361  DNDMEGPDID VQDDEVAETV FRDRKRKLPL ELTVELTEET FNATVMASDS IVLFYAGWQA
   421  VSMAFLQSYI DVAVKLKGTS TMLLTRINCA DWSDVCTKQN VTEFPIIKMY KKGENPVSYA
   481  GMLGTEDLLK FIQLNRISYP VNITSIQEAE EYLSGELYKD LILYSSVSVL GLFSPTMKTA
   541  KEDFSEAGNY LKGYVITGIY SEEDVLLLST KYAASLPALL LARHTEGKIE SIPLASTHAQ
   601  DIVQIITDAL LEMFPEITVE NLPSYFRLQK PLLILFSDGT VNPQYKKAIL TLVKQKYLDS
   661  FTPCWLNLKN TPVGRGILRA YFDPLPPLPL LVLVNLHSGG QVFAFPSDQA IIEENLVLWL
   721  KKLEAGLENH ITILPAQEWK PPLPAYDFLS MIDAATSQRG TRKVPKCMKE TDVQENDKEQ
   781  HEDKSAVRKE PIETLRIKHW NRSNWFKEAE KSFRRDKELG CSKVN

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against TXNDC16 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Secreted
Secreted: Yes
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.33
Highest tissue expression: 25 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

prostate: 25 nTPM
epididymis: 14 nTPM
seminal vesicle: 12 nTPM
ovary: 11 nTPM
spleen: 9.6 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 9.3 nTPM

Single-cell type

endometrial luminal cells: 350 nCPM
prostatic glandular cells: 208 nCPM
erythrocyte progenitors: 154 nCPM
corticotrophs: 132 nCPM
rod photoreceptor cells: 130 nCPM
retinal bipolar cells: 119 nCPM

Immune cell

classical monocyte: 3.1 nTPM
non-classical monocyte: 2.9 nTPM
myeloid DC: 2.6 nTPM
intermediate monocyte: 2.4 nTPM
T-reg: 2.4 nTPM
neutrophil: 1.7 nTPM

Brain region

cerebellum: 26 nTPM
white matter: 19 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 16 nTPM
basal ganglia: 14 nTPM
pons: 14 nTPM
thalamus: 14 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 0.63
gnomAD pLI: 0
gnomAD missense Z: -0.24
DepMap mean gene effect: -0.04
DepMap dependency class: selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

Thioredoxin domain
Thioredoxin-like superfamily
Thioredoxin
Thioredoxin-like domain
Thioredoxin domain-containing protein 16
TXNDC16, N-terminal
TXNDC16, second thioredoxin-like domain
TXNDC16, third thioredoxin-like domain
TXNDC16 N-terminal
TXNDC16 second thioredoxin-like domain
TXNDC16 third thioredoxin-like domain

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of TXNDC16 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

FOXRED2

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads TXNDC16 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against TXNDC16 could matter depends on whether native TXNDC16 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

TXNDC16 is annotated as secreted, so native TXNDC16 circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label TXNDC16 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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