Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

SPNS1

Protein spinster homolog 1

Also known as: HSpin1, LAT, nrs, PP2030, SLC63A1, SPIN1, SPINL, SPNS1_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
Q9H2V7
Gene
SPNS1
Ensembl
ENSG00000169682
Chromosome
16
Canonical length
528 aa
Protein class
Predicted membrane proteins, Transporters
Subcellular location
Nucleoli fibrillar center,Golgi apparatus,Vesicles,Cytosol

OverviewNCBI Gene

Predicted to enable transmembrane transporter activity. Predicted to be involved in lysophospholipid transport and phospholipid efflux. Predicted to act upstream of or within regulation of lysosomal lumen pH. Located in lysosomal membrane. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

528 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q9H2V7|SPNS1
     1  MAGSDTAPFL SQADDPDDGP VPGTPGLPGS TGNPKSEEPE VPDQEGLQRI TGLSPGRSAL
    61  IVAVLCYINL LNYMDRFTVA GVLPDIEQFF NIGDSSSGLI QTVFISSYMV LAPVFGYLGD
   121  RYNRKYLMCG GIAFWSLVTL GSSFIPGEHF WLLLLTRGLV GVGEASYSTI APTLIADLFV
   181  ADQRSRMLSI FYFAIPVGSG LGYIAGSKVK DMAGDWHWAL RVTPGLGVVA VLLLFLVVRE
   241  PPRGAVERHS DLPPLNPTSW WADLRALARN PSFVLSSLGF TAVAFVTGSL ALWAPAFLLR
   301  SRVVLGETPP CLPGDSCSSS DSLIFGLITC LTGVLGVGLG VEISRRLRHS NPRADPLVCA
   361  TGLLGSAPFL FLSLACARGS IVATYIFIFI GETLLSMNWA IVADILLYVV IPTRRSTAEA
   421  FQIVLSHLLG DAGSPYLIGL ISDRLRRNWP PSFLSEFRAL QFSLMLCAFV GALGGAAFLG
   481  TAIFIEADRR RAQLHVQGLL HEAGSTDDRI VVPQRGRSTR VPVASVLI

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against SPNS1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Other membrane
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
12
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.28
Highest tissue expression
35 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • bone marrow: 35 nTPM
  • blood vessel: 35 nTPM
  • skin: 34 nTPM
  • liver: 33 nTPM
  • spleen: 33 nTPM
  • colon: 31 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • proximal tubule cells: 21 nCPM
  • microglia: 17 nCPM
  • oligodendrocyte progenitor cells: 17 nCPM
  • oligodendrocytes: 17 nCPM
  • distal convoluted tubule cells: 17 nCPM
  • bergmann glia: 16 nCPM

Immune cell

  • intermediate monocyte: 42 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 33 nTPM
  • non-classical monocyte: 29 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 28 nTPM
  • total PBMC: 18 nTPM
  • eosinophil: 14 nTPM

Brain region

  • thalamus: 33 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 30 nTPM
  • choroid plexus: 29 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 29 nTPM
  • white matter: 27 nTPM
  • pons: 26 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.6
gnomAD pLI
0.02
gnomAD missense Z
2.06
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.33
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 6% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of SPNS1 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads SPNS1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against SPNS1 could matter depends on whether native SPNS1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

SPNS1 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label SPNS1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/SPNS1. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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