Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

SOAT1

Sterol O-acyltransferase 1

Also known as: ACAT, ACAT1, SOAT, SOAT1_HUMAN, STAT

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P35610
Gene
SOAT1
Ensembl
ENSG00000057252
Chromosome
1
Canonical length
550 aa
Protein class
Enzymes, FDA approved drug targets, Metabolic proteins, Predicted membrane proteins
Subcellular location
Endoplasmic reticulum
Quaternary structure
Homotetramer

OverviewNCBI Gene

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the acyltransferase family. It is located in the endoplasmic reticulum, and catalyzes the formation of fatty acid-cholesterol esters. This gene has been implicated in the formation of beta-amyloid and atherosclerotic plaques by controlling the equilibrium between free cholesterol and cytoplasmic cholesteryl esters. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2011]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

550 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P35610|SOAT1
     1  MVGEEKMSLR NRLSKSRENP EEDEDQRNPA KESLETPSNG RIDIKQLIAK KIKLTAEAEE
    61  LKPFFMKEVG SHFDDFVTNL IEKSASLDNG GCALTTFSVL EGEKNNHRAK DLRAPPEQGK
   121  IFIARRSLLD ELLEVDHIRT IYHMFIALLI LFILSTLVVD YIDEGRLVLE FSLLSYAFGK
   181  FPTVVWTWWI MFLSTFSVPY FLFQHWATGY SKSSHPLIRS LFHGFLFMIF QIGVLGFGPT
   241  YVVLAYTLPP ASRFIIIFEQ IRFVMKAHSF VRENVPRVLN SAKEKSSTVP IPTVNQYLYF
   301  LFAPTLIYRD SYPRNPTVRW GYVAMKFAQV FGCFFYVYYI FERLCAPLFR NIKQEPFSAR
   361  VLVLCVFNSI LPGVLILFLT FFAFLHCWLN AFAEMLRFGD RMFYKDWWNS TSYSNYYRTW
   421  NVVVHDWLYY YAYKDFLWFF SKRFKSAAML AVFAVSAVVH EYALAVCLSF FYPVLFVLFM
   481  FFGMAFNFIV NDSRKKPIWN VLMWTSLFLG NGVLLCFYSQ EWYARQHCPL KNPTFLDYVR
   541  PRSWTCRYVF

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against SOAT1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Other membrane
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
9
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.35
Highest tissue expression
156 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • adrenal gland: 156 nTPM
  • salivary gland: 37 nTPM
  • prostate: 26 nTPM
  • pancreas: 25 nTPM
  • lung: 20 nTPM
  • gallbladder: 19 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • adrenal cortex cells: 898 nCPM
  • salivary acinar cells: 244 nCPM
  • monocytes: 224 nCPM
  • prostatic glandular cells: 193 nCPM
  • macrophages: 183 nCPM
  • endometrial glandular cells: 178 nCPM

Immune cell

  • basophil: 56 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 54 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 49 nTPM
  • neutrophil: 40 nTPM
  • NK-cell: 38 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 34 nTPM

Brain region

  • white matter: 33 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 27 nTPM
  • choroid plexus: 25 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 23 nTPM
  • pons: 21 nTPM
  • thalamus: 21 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.95
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
0.98
DepMap mean gene effect
0.03
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 6% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of SOAT1 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads SOAT1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against SOAT1 could matter depends on whether native SOAT1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

SOAT1 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label SOAT1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/SOAT1. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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