Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

SARM1

NAD(+) hydrolase SARM1

Also known as: KIAA0524, SAMD2, SARM, SARM1_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
Q6SZW1
Gene
SARM1
Ensembl
ENSG00000004139
Chromosome
17
Canonical length
724 aa
Protein class
Enzymes, Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location
Mitochondria
Quaternary structure
Homooctamer

OverviewNCBI Gene

Enables NAD+ nucleosidase activity; NAD+ nucleosidase activity, cyclic ADP-ribose generating; and identical protein binding activity. Involved in NAD catabolic process and response to axon injury. Is active in mitochondrion. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2025]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

724 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q6SZW1|SARM1
     1  MVLTLLLSAY KLCRFFAMSG PRPGAERLAV PGPDGGGGTG PWWAAGGRGP REVSPGAGTE
    61  VQDALERALP ELQQALSALK QAGGARAVGA GLAEVFQLVE EAWLLPAVGR EVAQGLCDAI
   121  RLDGGLDLLL RLLQAPELET RVQAARLLEQ ILVAENRDRV ARIGLGVILN LAKEREPVEL
   181  ARSVAGILEH MFKHSEETCQ RLVAAGGLDA VLYWCRRTDP ALLRHCALAL GNCALHGGQA
   241  VQRRMVEKRA AEWLFPLAFS KEDELLRLHA CLAVAVLATN KEVEREVERS GTLALVEPLV
   301  ASLDPGRFAR CLVDASDTSQ GRGPDDLQRL VPLLDSNRLE AQCIGAFYLC AEAAIKSLQG
   361  KTKVFSDIGA IQSLKRLVSY STNGTKSALA KRALRLLGEE VPRPILPSVP SWKEAEVQTW
   421  LQQIGFSKYC ESFREQQVDG DLLLRLTEEE LQTDLGMKSG ITRKRFFREL TELKTFANYS
   481  TCDRSNLADW LGSLDPRFRQ YTYGLVSCGL DRSLLHRVSE QQLLEDCGIH LGVHRARILT
   541  AAREMLHSPL PCTGGKPSGD TPDVFISYRR NSGSQLASLL KVHLQLHGFS VFIDVEKLEA
   601  GKFEDKLIQS VMGARNFVLV LSPGALDKCM QDHDCKDWVH KEIVTALSCG KNIVPIIDGF
   661  EWPEPQVLPE DMQAVLTFNG IKWSHEYQEA TIEKIIRFLQ GRSSRDSSAG SDTSLEGAAP
   721  MGPT

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against SARM1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.3
Highest tissue expression
8.9 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • cerebellum: 8.9 nTPM
  • duodenum: 7.1 nTPM
  • pancreas: 6.9 nTPM
  • retina: 6.5 nTPM
  • pituitary gland: 5.6 nTPM
  • adrenal gland: 5.5 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • kupffer cells: 55 nCPM
  • oligodendrocyte progenitor cells: 50 nCPM
  • brain inhibitory neurons: 45 nCPM
  • other brain neurons: 42 nCPM
  • brain excitatory neurons: 42 nCPM
  • retinal bipolar cells: 40 nCPM

Immune cell

  • non-classical monocyte: 0.5 nTPM
  • T-reg: 0.4 nTPM
  • memory CD4 T-cell: 0.3 nTPM
  • memory CD8 T-cell: 0.3 nTPM
  • naive CD8 T-cell: 0.3 nTPM
  • NK-cell: 0.3 nTPM

Brain region

  • cerebellum: 20 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 13 nTPM
  • amygdala: 13 nTPM
  • hippocampal formation: 13 nTPM
  • basal ganglia: 13 nTPM
  • thalamus: 13 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1.14
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
1.9

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 5% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of SARM1 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads SARM1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against SARM1 could matter depends on whether native SARM1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

SARM1 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label SARM1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/SARM1. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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