Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

PAPSS1

Bifunctional 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate synthase 1

Also known as: ATPSK1, PAPS1_HUMAN, PAPSS

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
O43252
Gene
PAPSS1
Ensembl
ENSG00000138801
Chromosome
4
Canonical length
624 aa
Protein class
Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location
Nucleoplasm,Nucleoli rim,Mitotic chromosome
Quaternary structure
Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

Three-prime-phosphoadenosine 5-prime-phosphosulfate (PAPS) is the sulfate donor cosubstrate for all sulfotransferase (SULT) enzymes (Xu et al., 2000 [PubMed 10679223]). SULTs catalyze the sulfate conjugation of many endogenous and exogenous compounds, including drugs and other xenobiotics. In humans, PAPS is synthesized from adenosine 5-prime triphosphate (ATP) and inorganic sulfate by 2 isoforms, PAPSS1 and PAPSS2 (MIM 603005).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

624 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>O43252|PAPSS1
     1  MEIPGSLCKK VKLSNNAQNW GMQRATNVTY QAHHVSRNKR GQVVGTRGGF RGCTVWLTGL
    61  SGAGKTTVSM ALEEYLVCHG IPCYTLDGDN IRQGLNKNLG FSPEDREENV RRIAEVAKLF
   121  ADAGLVCITS FISPYTQDRN NARQIHEGAS LPFFEVFVDA PLHVCEQRDV KGLYKKARAG
   181  EIKGFTGIDS EYEKPEAPEL VLKTDSCDVN DCVQQVVELL QERDIVPVDA SYEVKELYVP
   241  ENKLHLAKTD AETLPALKIN KVDMQWVQVL AEGWATPLNG FMREREYLQC LHFDCLLDGG
   301  VINLSVPIVL TATHEDKERL DGCTAFALMY EGRRVAILRN PEFFEHRKEE RCARQWGTTC
   361  KNHPYIKMVM EQGDWLIGGD LQVLDRVYWN DGLDQYRLTP TELKQKFKDM NADAVFAFQL
   421  RNPVHNGHAL LMQDTHKQLL ERGYRRPVLL LHPLGGWTKD DDVPLMWRMK QHAAVLEEGV
   481  LNPETTVVAI FPSPMMYAGP TEVQWHCRAR MVAGANFYIV GRDPAGMPHP ETGKDLYEPS
   541  HGAKVLTMAP GLITLEIVPF RVAAYNKKKK RMDYYDSEHH EDFEFISGTR MRKLAREGQK
   601  PPEGFMAPKA WTVLTEYYKS LEKA

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against PAPSS1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.26
Highest tissue expression
108 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • spinal cord: 108 nTPM
  • salivary gland: 62 nTPM
  • stomach: 59 nTPM
  • hippocampal formation: 50 nTPM
  • midbrain: 49 nTPM
  • tonsil: 48 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • endometrial glandular cells: 944 nCPM
  • endometrial luminal cells: 388 nCPM
  • mucous neck cells: 310 nCPM
  • neutrophils: 261 nCPM
  • gastric chief cells: 249 nCPM
  • megakaryocytes: 247 nCPM

Immune cell

  • eosinophil: 361 nTPM
  • basophil: 323 nTPM
  • non-classical monocyte: 61 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 56 nTPM
  • neutrophil: 56 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 51 nTPM

Brain region

  • white matter: 103 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 76 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 72 nTPM
  • cerebellum: 62 nTPM
  • pons: 58 nTPM
  • basal ganglia: 55 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.79
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
1.74
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.04
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads PAPSS1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against PAPSS1 could matter depends on whether native PAPSS1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

PAPSS1 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label PAPSS1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/PAPSS1. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

© 2026 · Seroatlas, Discover Oregon LLC · Terms of use

Loading the interactive Seroatlas protein explorer...