Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

PADI2

Protein-arginine deiminase type-2

Also known as: KIAA0994, PADI2_HUMAN, PDI2

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
Q9Y2J8
Gene
PADI2
Ensembl
ENSG00000117115
Chromosome
1
Canonical length
665 aa
Protein class
Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins
Quaternary structure
Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a member of the peptidyl arginine deiminase family of enzymes, which catalyze the post-translational deimination of proteins by converting arginine residues into citrullines in the presence of calcium ions. The family members have distinct substrate specificities and tissue-specific expression patterns. The type II enzyme is the most widely expressed family member. Known substrates for this enzyme include myelin basic protein in the central nervous system and vimentin in skeletal muscle and macrophages. This enzyme is thought to play a role in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative human disorders, including Alzheimer disease and multiple sclerosis, and it has also been implicated in glaucoma pathogenesis. This gene exists in a cluster with four other paralogous genes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

665 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q9Y2J8|PADI2
     1  MLRERTVRLQ YGSRVEAVYV LGTYLWTDVY SAAPAGAQTF SLKHSEHVWV EVVRDGEAEE
    61  VATNGKQRWL LSPSTTLRVT MSQASTEASS DKVTVNYYDE EGSIPIDQAG LFLTAIEISL
   121  DVDADRDGVV EKNNPKKASW TWGPEGQGAI LLVNCDRETP WLPKEDCRDE KVYSKEDLKD
   181  MSQMILRTKG PDRLPAGYEI VLYISMSDSD KVGVFYVENP FFGQRYIHIL GRRKLYHVVK
   241  YTGGSAELLF FVEGLCFPDE GFSGLVSIHV SLLEYMAQDI PLTPIFTDTV IFRIAPWIMT
   301  PNILPPVSVF VCCMKDNYLF LKEVKNLVEK TNCELKVCFQ YLNRGDRWIQ DEIEFGYIEA
   361  PHKGFPVVLD SPRDGNLKDF PVKELLGPDF GYVTREPLFE SVTSLDSFGN LEVSPPVTVN
   421  GKTYPLGRIL IGSSFPLSGG RRMTKVVRDF LKAQQVQAPV ELYSDWLTVG HVDEFMSFVP
   481  IPGTKKFLLL MASTSACYKL FREKQKDGHG EAIMFKGLGG MSSKRITINK ILSNESLVQE
   541  NLYFQRCLDW NRDILKKELG LTEQDIIDLP ALFKMDEDHR ARAFFPNMVN MIVLDKDLGI
   601  PKPFGPQVEE ECCLEMHVRG LLEPLGLECT FIDDISAYHK FLGEVHCGTN VRRKPFTFKW
   661  WHMVP

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against PADI2 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.23
Highest tissue expression
460 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • tongue: 460 nTPM
  • skeletal muscle: 292 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 236 nTPM
  • midbrain: 125 nTPM
  • rectum: 87 nTPM
  • colon: 84 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • cone photoreceptor cells: 232 nCPM
  • myonuclei: 231 nCPM
  • colonocytes: 226 nCPM
  • neutrophils: 219 nCPM
  • microglia: 202 nCPM
  • oligodendrocytes: 162 nCPM

Immune cell

  • neutrophil: 101 nTPM
  • eosinophil: 43 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 16 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 12 nTPM
  • total PBMC: 6.4 nTPM
  • basophil: 1.3 nTPM

Brain region

  • white matter: 478 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 414 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 374 nTPM
  • midbrain: 319 nTPM
  • pons: 318 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 318 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about PADI2.

Disease | ImmuneIEDB

Conditions an epitope on PADI2 was assayed in.

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.89
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
0.49
DepMap mean gene effect
0
DepMap dependency class
none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 3% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads PADI2 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against PADI2 could matter depends on whether native PADI2 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

PADI2 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label PADI2 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/PADI2. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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