Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

OAS1

2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase 1

Also known as: IFI-4, OAS1_HUMAN, OIAS, OIASI

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P00973
Gene
OAS1
Ensembl
ENSG00000089127
Chromosome
12
Canonical length
400 aa
Protein class
Disease related genes, Enzymes, Potential drug targets, Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location
Nucleoplasm,Cytosol
Secretome location
Intracellular and membrane
Quaternary structure
Homotetramer

OverviewNCBI Gene

This interferon-induced gene encodes a protein that synthesizes 2',5'-oligoadenylates (2-5As). This protein plays a key role in innate cellular antiviral response, and has been implicated in other cellular processes like cell growth and apoptosis. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants with different enzymatic activities. Polymorphisms in this gene have been associated with susceptibility to viral infection, including SARS-CoV-2, and diabetes mellitus, type 1. This gene is located in a cluster of related genes on chromosome 12. [provided by RefSeq, May 2022]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

400 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P00973|OAS1
     1  MMDLRNTPAK SLDKFIEDYL LPDTCFRMQI NHAIDIICGF LKERCFRGSS YPVCVSKVVK
    61  GGSSGKGTTL RGRSDADLVV FLSPLTTFQD QLNRRGEFIQ EIRRQLEACQ RERAFSVKFE
   121  VQAPRWGNPR ALSFVLSSLQ LGEGVEFDVL PAFDALGQLT GGYKPNPQIY VKLIEECTDL
   181  QKEGEFSTCF TELQRDFLKQ RPTKLKSLIR LVKHWYQNCK KKLGKLPPQY ALELLTVYAW
   241  ERGSMKTHFN TAQGFRTVLE LVINYQQLCI YWTKYYDFKN PIIEKYLRRQ LTKPRPVILD
   301  PADPTGNLGG GDPKGWRQLA QEAEAWLNYP CFKNWDGSPV SSWILLAESN SADDETDDPR
   361  RYQKYGYIGT HEYPHFSHRP STLQAASTPQ AEEDWTCTIL

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against OAS1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Secreted
Secreted
Yes
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.3
Highest tissue expression
104 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • urinary bladder: 104 nTPM
  • salivary gland: 86 nTPM
  • esophagus: 53 nTPM
  • duodenum: 49 nTPM
  • colon: 46 nTPM
  • spleen: 46 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • esophageal apical cells: 840 nCPM
  • urothelial cells: 381 nCPM
  • esophageal suprabasal cells: 155 nCPM
  • hofbauer cells: 152 nCPM
  • colonocytes: 129 nCPM
  • foveolar cells: 124 nCPM

Immune cell

  • non-classical monocyte: 575 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 404 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 254 nTPM
  • total PBMC: 218 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 154 nTPM
  • plasmacytoid DC: 145 nTPM

Brain region

  • spinal cord: 37 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 25 nTPM
  • pons: 17 nTPM
  • white matter: 13 nTPM
  • thalamus: 10 nTPM
  • midbrain: 9 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about OAS1.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions OAS1 is implicated in, by any mechanism.

  • Immunodeficiency 100 with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis and hypogammaglobulinemia (IMD100) MIM:618042

Disease | GeneticClinVar

2 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 393 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

  • Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis with hypogammaglobulinemia

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.93
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
-0.43
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.01
DepMap dependency class
none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 5% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of OAS1 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads OAS1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against OAS1 could matter depends on whether native OAS1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

OAS1 is annotated as secreted, so native OAS1 circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label OAS1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/OAS1. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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