Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

MKRN1

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase makorin-1

Also known as: MKRN1_HUMAN, RNF61

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: Q9UHC7
Gene: MKRN1
Ensembl: ENSG00000133606
Chromosome: 7
Canonical length: 482 aa
Protein class: Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location: Nucleoplasm,Cytosol

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a protein that belongs to a novel class of zinc finger proteins. The encoded protein functions as a transcriptional co-regulator, and as an E3 ubiquitin ligase that promotes the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of target proteins. The protein encoded by this gene is thought to regulate RNA polymerase II-catalyzed transcription. Substrates for this protein's E3 ubiquitin ligase activity include the capsid protein of the West Nile virus and the catalytic subunit of the telomerase ribonucleoprotein. This protein controls cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by regulating p21, a cell cycle regulator, and the tumor suppressor protein p53. Pseudogenes of this gene are present on chromosomes 1, 3, 9, 12 and 20, and on the X chromosome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2014]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

482 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q9UHC7|MKRN1
     1  MAEAATPGTT ATTSGAGAAA ATAAAASPTP IPTVTAPSLG AGGGGGGSDG SGGGWTKQVT
    61  CRYFMHGVCK EGDNCRYSHD LSDSPYSVVC KYFQRGYCIY GDRCRYEHSK PLKQEEATAT
   121  ELTTKSSLAA SSSLSSIVGP LVEMNTGEAE SRNSNFATVG AGSEDWVNAI EFVPGQPYCG
   181  RTAPSCTEAP LQGSVTKEES EKEQTAVETK KQLCPYAAVG ECRYGENCVY LHGDSCDMCG
   241  LQVLHPMDAA QRSQHIKSCI EAHEKDMELS FAVQRSKDMV CGICMEVVYE KANPSERRFG
   301  ILSNCNHTYC LKCIRKWRSA KQFESKIIKS CPECRITSNF VIPSEYWVEE KEEKQKLILK
   361  YKEAMSNKAC RYFDEGRGSC PFGGNCFYKH AYPDGRREEP QRQKVGTSSR YRAQRRNHFW
   421  ELIEERENSN PFDNDEEEVV TFELGEMLLM LLAAGGDDEL TDSEDEWDLF HDELEDFYDL
   481  DL

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against MKRN1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Intracellular
Secreted: No
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.51
Highest tissue expression: 191 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

bone marrow: 191 nTPM
testis: 115 nTPM
colon: 92 nTPM
skeletal muscle: 80 nTPM
rectum: 75 nTPM
duodenum: 65 nTPM

Single-cell type

late primary spermatocytes: 663 nCPM
late spermatids: 510 nCPM
erythrocytes: 412 nCPM
platelets: 409 nCPM
early spermatids: 273 nCPM
esophageal apical cells: 230 nCPM

Immune cell

eosinophil: 101 nTPM
basophil: 59 nTPM
neutrophil: 43 nTPM
naive CD4 T-cell: 40 nTPM
T-reg: 35 nTPM
memory B-cell: 34 nTPM

Brain region

pons: 70 nTPM
hypothalamus: 64 nTPM
thalamus: 62 nTPM
medulla oblongata: 60 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 59 nTPM
cerebellum: 58 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 0.26
gnomAD pLI: 0.99
gnomAD missense Z: 1.33
DepMap mean gene effect: -0.25
DepMap dependency class: selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 11% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

cytosol

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of MKRN1 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads MKRN1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against MKRN1 could matter depends on whether native MKRN1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

MKRN1 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label MKRN1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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