Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

LY96

Lymphocyte antigen 96

Also known as: LY96_HUMAN, MD-2

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: Q9Y6Y9
Gene: LY96
Ensembl: ENSG00000154589
Chromosome: 8
Canonical length: 160 aa
Protein class: Predicted secreted proteins
Subcellular location: Vesicles
Secretome location: Secreted to blood
Quaternary structure: Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a protein which associates with toll-like receptor 4 on the cell surface and confers responsiveness to lipopolysaccyaride (LPS), thus providing a link between the receptor and LPS signaling. Studies of the mouse ortholog suggest that this gene may be involved in endotoxin neutralization. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2010]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

160 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q9Y6Y9|LY96
     1  MLPFLFFSTL FSSIFTEAQK QYWVCNSSDA SISYTYCDKM QYPISINVNP CIELKRSKGL
    61  LHIFYIPRRD LKQLYFNLYI TVNTMNLPKR KEVICRGSDD DYSFCRALKG ETVNTTISFS
   121  FKGIKFSKGK YKCVVEAISG SPEEMLFCLE FVILHQPNSN

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against LY96 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Secreted
Secreted: Yes
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.34
Highest tissue expression: 61 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

spleen: 61 nTPM
lymph node: 44 nTPM
placenta: 42 nTPM
appendix: 40 nTPM
tonsil: 37 nTPM
gallbladder: 33 nTPM

Single-cell type

kupffer cells: 1,098 nCPM
hofbauer cells: 1,026 nCPM
neutrophils: 598 nCPM
macrophages: 187 nCPM
plasma cells: 179 nCPM
monocytes: 157 nCPM

Immune cell

neutrophil: 632 nTPM
classical monocyte: 91 nTPM
intermediate monocyte: 85 nTPM
non-classical monocyte: 72 nTPM
myeloid DC: 46 nTPM
plasmacytoid DC: 38 nTPM

Brain region

white matter: 12 nTPM
medulla oblongata: 11 nTPM
spinal cord: 7.8 nTPM
pons: 7.6 nTPM
hypothalamus: 7 nTPM
thalamus: 6 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 1.49
gnomAD pLI: 0
gnomAD missense Z: 0.15
DepMap mean gene effect: 0
DepMap dependency class: selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 6% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of LY96 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads LY96 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against LY96 could matter depends on whether native LY96 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

LY96 is annotated as secreted, so native LY96 circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label LY96 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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