Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

LOXL4

Lysyl oxidase homolog 4

Also known as: FLJ21889, LOXC, LOXL4_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: Q96JB6
Gene: LOXL4
Ensembl: ENSG00000138131
Chromosome: 10
Canonical length: 756 aa
Protein class: Predicted secreted proteins
Subcellular location: Vesicles
Secretome location: Secreted to extracellular matrix

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a member of the lysyl oxidase gene family. The prototypic member of the family is essential to the biogenesis of connective tissue, encoding an extracellular copper-dependent amine oxidase that catalyses the first step in the formation of crosslinks in collagens and elastin. A highly conserved amino acid sequence at the C-terminus end appears to be sufficient for amine oxidase activity, suggesting that each family member may retain this function. The N-terminus is poorly conserved and may impart additional roles in developmental regulation, senescence, tumor suppression, cell growth control, and chemotaxis to each member of the family. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

756 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q96JB6|LOXL4
     1  MAWSPPATLF LFLLLLGQPP PSRPQSLGTT KLRLVGPESK PEEGRLEVLH QGQWGTVCDD
    61  NFAIQEATVA CRQLGFEAAL TWAHSAKYGQ GEGPIWLDNV RCVGTESSLD QCGSNGWGVS
   121  DCSHSEDVGV ICHPRRHRGY LSETVSNALG PQGRRLEEVR LKPILASAKQ HSPVTEGAVE
   181  VKYEGHWRQV CDQGWTMNNS RVVCGMLGFP SEVPVDSHYY RKVWDLKMRD PKSRLKSLTN
   241  KNSFWIHQVT CLGTEPHMAN CQVQVAPARG KLRPACPGGM HAVVSCVAGP HFRPPKTKPQ
   301  RKGSWAEEPR VRLRSGAQVG EGRVEVLMNR QWGTVCDHRW NLISASVVCR QLGFGSAREA
   361  LFGARLGQGL GPIHLSEVRC RGYERTLSDC PALEGSQNGC QHENDAAVRC NVPNMGFQNQ
   421  VRLAGGRIPE EGLLEVQVEV NGVPRWGSVC SENWGLTEAM VACRQLGLGF AIHAYKETWF
   481  WSGTPRAQEV VMSGVRCSGT ELALQQCQRH GPVHCSHGGG RFLAGVSCMD SAPDLVMNAQ
   541  LVQETAYLED RPLSQLYCAH EENCLSKSAD HMDWPYGYRR LLRFSTQIYN LGRTDFRPKT
   601  GRDSWVWHQC HRHYHSIEVF THYDLLTLNG SKVAEGHKAS FCLEDTNCPT GLQRRYACAN
   661  FGEQGVTVGC WDTYRHDIDC QWVDITDVGP GNYIFQVIVN PHYEVAESDF SNNMLQCRCK
   721  YDGHRVWLHN CHTGNSYPAN AELSLEQEQR LRNNLI

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against LOXL4 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Secreted
Secreted: Yes
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.27
Highest tissue expression: 19 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

salivary gland: 19 nTPM
blood vessel: 13 nTPM
cervix: 13 nTPM
breast: 11 nTPM
colon: 10 nTPM
seminal vesicle: 10 nTPM

Single-cell type

pancreatic islet cells: 68 nCPM
salivary basal cells: 61 nCPM
thymic myoid cells: 60 nCPM
hepatic stellate cells: 32 nCPM
renal collecting duct principal cells: 30 nCPM
respiratory basal cells: 29 nCPM

Immune cell

NK-cell: 0.5 nTPM
plasmacytoid DC: 0.2 nTPM
naive B-cell: 0.1 nTPM
basophil: 0 nTPM
classical monocyte: 0 nTPM
eosinophil: 0 nTPM

Brain region

choroid plexus: 5.5 nTPM
medulla oblongata: 3.6 nTPM
midbrain: 3.6 nTPM
hypothalamus: 3.3 nTPM
pons: 3.2 nTPM
cerebellum: 3.1 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 1.12
gnomAD pLI: 0
gnomAD missense Z: 0.16
DepMap mean gene effect: -0.03
DepMap dependency class: none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 3% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

collagen fibril organization

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of LOXL4 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads LOXL4 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against LOXL4 could matter depends on whether native LOXL4 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

LOXL4 is annotated as secreted, so native LOXL4 circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label LOXL4 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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