Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

IL12B

Interleukin-12 subunit beta

Also known as: CLMF, CLMF2, IL-12B, IL12B_HUMAN, NKSF, NKSF2

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P29460
Gene
IL12B
Ensembl
ENSG00000113302
Chromosome
5
Canonical length
328 aa
Protein class
Disease related genes, FDA approved drug targets, Human disease related genes, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted secreted proteins
Secretome location
Secreted to blood

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a subunit of interleukin 12, a cytokine that acts on T and natural killer cells, and has a broad array of biological activities. Interleukin 12 is a disulfide-linked heterodimer composed of the 40 kD cytokine receptor like subunit encoded by this gene, and a 35 kD subunit encoded by IL12A. This cytokine is expressed by activated macrophages that serve as an essential inducer of Th1 cells development. This cytokine has been found to be important for sustaining a sufficient number of memory/effector Th1 cells to mediate long-term protection to an intracellular pathogen. Overexpression of this gene was observed in the central nervous system of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), suggesting a role of this cytokine in the pathogenesis of the disease. The promoter polymorphism of this gene has been reported to be associated with the severity of atopic and non-atopic asthma in children. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

328 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P29460|IL12B
     1  MCHQQLVISW FSLVFLASPL VAIWELKKDV YVVELDWYPD APGEMVVLTC DTPEEDGITW
    61  TLDQSSEVLG SGKTLTIQVK EFGDAGQYTC HKGGEVLSHS LLLLHKKEDG IWSTDILKDQ
   121  KEPKNKTFLR CEAKNYSGRF TCWWLTTIST DLTFSVKSSR GSSDPQGVTC GAATLSAERV
   181  RGDNKEYEYS VECQEDSACP AAEESLPIEV MVDAVHKLKY ENYTSSFFIR DIIKPDPPKN
   241  LQLKPLKNSR QVEVSWEYPD TWSTPHSYFS LTFCVQVQGK SKREKKDRVF TDKTSATVIC
   301  RKNASISVRA QDRYYSSSWS EWASVPCS

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against IL12B can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Secreted
Secreted
Yes
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.33
Highest tissue expression
1.2 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • thymus: 1.2 nTPM
  • lymph node: 0.4 nTPM
  • spleen: 0.4 nTPM
  • bone marrow: 0.3 nTPM
  • skin: 0.3 nTPM
  • appendix: 0.2 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • renal collecting duct intercalated cells: 0.6 nCPM
  • thyrotrophs: 0.6 nCPM
  • mesothelial cells: 0.3 nCPM
  • somatotrophs: 0.3 nCPM
  • macrophages: 0.2 nCPM
  • microglia: 0.2 nCPM

Immune cell

  • basophil: 0.6 nTPM
  • neutrophil: 0.6 nTPM
  • memory B-cell: 0.2 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 0.1 nTPM
  • NK-cell: 0.1 nTPM
  • eosinophil: 0 nTPM

Brain region

  • cerebellum: 3 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 2.3 nTPM
  • white matter: 2.1 nTPM
  • pons: 2 nTPM
  • basal ganglia: 1.9 nTPM
  • hippocampal formation: 1.9 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about IL12B.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions IL12B is implicated in, by any mechanism.

Disease | GeneticClinVar

18 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 246 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

  • Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases due to complete IL12B deficiency
  • IL12B-related disorder

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.92
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
0.57
DepMap mean gene effect
0.08
DepMap dependency class
none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 3% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of IL12B in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads IL12B as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against IL12B could matter depends on whether native IL12B is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

IL12B is annotated as secreted, so native IL12B circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label IL12B as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/IL12B. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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