Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

HYAL2

Hyaluronidase-2

Also known as: HYAL2_HUMAN, LuCa-2, LUCA2

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: Q12891
Gene: HYAL2
Ensembl: ENSG00000068001
Chromosome: 3
Canonical length: 473 aa
Protein class: Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted membrane proteins

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a weak acid-active hyaluronidase. The encoded protein is similar in structure to other more active hyaluronidases. Hyaluronidases degrade hyaluronan, one of the major glycosaminoglycans of the extracellular matrix. Hyaluronan and fragments of hyaluronan are thought to be involved in cell proliferation, migration and differentiation. Although it was previously thought to be a lysosomal hyaluronidase that is active at a pH below 4, the encoded protein is likely a GPI-anchored cell surface protein. This hyaluronidase serves as a receptor for the oncogenic virus Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus. The gene is one of several related genes in a region of chromosome 3p21.3 associated with tumor suppression. This gene encodes two alternatively spliced transcript variants which differ only in the 5' UTR.[provided by RefSeq, Mar 2010]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

473 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q12891|HYAL2
     1  MRAGPGPTVT LALVLAVSWA MELKPTAPPI FTGRPFVVAW DVPTQDCGPR LKVPLDLNAF
    61  DVQASPNEGF VNQNITIFYR DRLGLYPRFD SAGRSVHGGV PQNVSLWAHR KMLQKRVEHY
   121  IRTQESAGLA VIDWEDWRPV WVRNWQDKDV YRRLSRQLVA SRHPDWPPDR IVKQAQYEFE
   181  FAAQQFMLET LRYVKAVRPR HLWGFYLFPD CYNHDYVQNW ESYTGRCPDV EVARNDQLAW
   241  LWAESTALFP SVYLDETLAS SRHGRNFVSF RVQEALRVAR THHANHALPV YVFTRPTYSR
   301  RLTGLSEMDL ISTIGESAAL GAAGVILWGD AGYTTSTETC QYLKDYLTRL LVPYVVNVSW
   361  ATQYCSRAQC HGHGRCVRRN PSASTFLHLS TNSFRLVPGH APGEPQLRPV GELSWADIDH
   421  LQTHFRCQCY LGWSGEQCQW DHRQAAGGAS EAWAGSHLTS LLALAALAFT WTL

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against HYAL2 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Cell surface
Secreted: No
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.26
Highest tissue expression: 297 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

spleen: 297 nTPM
lung: 193 nTPM
adipose tissue: 101 nTPM
breast: 100 nTPM
heart muscle: 98 nTPM
thyroid gland: 85 nTPM

Single-cell type

lymphatic endothelial cells: 404 nCPM
vascular endothelial cells: 299 nCPM
hofbauer cells: 71 nCPM
respiratory ionocytes: 69 nCPM
alveolar cells type 1: 60 nCPM
fallopian secretory cells: 60 nCPM

Immune cell

intermediate monocyte: 14 nTPM
non-classical monocyte: 14 nTPM
eosinophil: 11 nTPM
classical monocyte: 9.5 nTPM
neutrophil: 9.3 nTPM
myeloid DC: 5.3 nTPM

Brain region

thalamus: 29 nTPM
pons: 27 nTPM
spinal cord: 26 nTPM
medulla oblongata: 23 nTPM
midbrain: 21 nTPM
cerebellum: 21 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about HYAL2.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions HYAL2 is implicated in, by any mechanism.

Muggenthaler-Chowdhury-Chioza syndrome (MCCS) MIM:621063

Disease | GeneticClinVar

11 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 109 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

HYAL2 Deficiency
Muggenthaler-Chowdhury-Chioza syndrome

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 0.54
gnomAD pLI: 0.19
gnomAD missense Z: 1.4
DepMap mean gene effect: -0.11
DepMap dependency class: selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of HYAL2 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads HYAL2 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against HYAL2 could matter depends on whether native HYAL2 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

HYAL2 is annotated at the cell surface, where native HYAL2 is exposed to circulating antibodies and is a prime autoantibody target that could block, deplete, or overstimulate it.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label HYAL2 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Loading the interactive Seroatlas protein explorer...