Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

GTF2A1

Transcription initiation factor IIA subunit 1

Also known as: TF2AA_HUMAN, TFIIA

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P52655
Gene
GTF2A1
Ensembl
ENSG00000165417
Chromosome
14
Canonical length
376 aa
Protein class
Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location
Nucleoplasm,Cytosol

OverviewNCBI Gene

Accurate transcription initiation on TATA-containing class II genes involves the ordered assembly of RNA polymerase II (POLR2A; MIM 180660) and several general initiation factors (summarized by DeJong and Roeder, 1993 [PubMed 8224848]). One of these factors is TFIIA, which when purified from HeLa extracts consists of 35-, 19-, and 12-kD subunits.[supplied by OMIM, Jul 2010]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

376 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P52655|GTF2A1
     1  MANSANTNTV PKLYRSVIED VINDVRDIFL DDGVDEQVLM ELKTLWENKL MQSRAVDGFH
    61  SEEQQLLLQV QQQHQPQQQQ HHHHHHHQQA QPQQTVPQQA QTQQVLIPAS QQATAPQVIV
   121  PDSKLIQHMN ASNMSAAATA ATLALPAGVT PVQQILTNSG QLLQVVRAAN GAQYIFQPQQ
   181  SVVLQQQVIP QMQPGGVQAP VIQQVLAPLP GGISPQTGVI IQPQQILFTG NKTQVIPTTV
   241  AAPTPAQAQI TATGQQQPQA QPAQTQAPLV LQVDGTGDTS SEEDEDEEED YDDDEEEDKE
   301  KDGAEDGQVE EEPLNSEDDV SDEEGQELFD TENVVVCQYD KIHRSKNKWK FHLKDGIMNL
   361  NGRDYIFSKA IGDAEW

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against GTF2A1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.6
Highest tissue expression
22 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • thyroid gland: 22 nTPM
  • thymus: 20 nTPM
  • testis: 18 nTPM
  • lymph node: 15 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 15 nTPM
  • tongue: 15 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • breast myoepithelial cells: 114 nCPM
  • plasma cells: 109 nCPM
  • neutrophils: 108 nCPM
  • corticotrophs: 93 nCPM
  • early spermatids: 89 nCPM
  • monocyte progenitors: 79 nCPM

Immune cell

  • basophil: 7.4 nTPM
  • non-classical monocyte: 2.6 nTPM
  • plasmacytoid DC: 1.9 nTPM
  • eosinophil: 1.3 nTPM
  • gdT-cell: 1.3 nTPM
  • memory CD4 T-cell: 1.2 nTPM

Brain region

  • cerebellum: 46 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 45 nTPM
  • white matter: 31 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 30 nTPM
  • basal ganglia: 29 nTPM
  • amygdala: 27 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.28
gnomAD pLI
0.99
gnomAD missense Z
2.13
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.79
DepMap dependency class
common

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of GTF2A1 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads GTF2A1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against GTF2A1 could matter depends on whether native GTF2A1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

GTF2A1 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label GTF2A1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/GTF2A1. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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