GPX1

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession

P07203

Gene

GPX1

Ensembl

ENSG00000233276

Chromosome

3

Canonical length

203 aa

Protein class

Cancer-related genes, Enzymes, Human disease related genes, Metabolic proteins, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted secreted proteins

Subcellular location

Cytosol

Quaternary structure

Homotetramer

OverviewNCBI Gene

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the glutathione peroxidase family, members of which catalyze the reduction of organic hydroperoxides and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by glutathione, and thereby protect cells against oxidative damage. Other studies indicate that H2O2 is also essential for growth-factor mediated signal transduction, mitochondrial function, and maintenance of thiol redox-balance; therefore, by limiting H2O2 accumulation, glutathione peroxidases are also involved in modulating these processes. Several isozymes of this gene family exist in vertebrates, which vary in cellular location and substrate specificity. This isozyme is the most abundant, is ubiquitously expressed and localized in the cytoplasm, and whose preferred substrate is hydrogen peroxide. It is also a selenoprotein, containing the rare amino acid selenocysteine (Sec) at its active site. Sec is encoded by the UGA codon, which normally signals translation termination. The 3' UTRs of selenoprotein mRNAs contain a conserved stem-loop structure, designated the Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element, that is necessary for the recognition of UGA as a Sec codon, rather than as a stop signal. This gene contains an in-frame GCG trinucleotide repeat in the coding region, and three alleles with 4, 5 or 6 repeats have been found in the human population. The allele with 4 GCG repeats has been significantly associated with breast cancer risk in premenopausal women. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. Pseudogenes of this locus have been identified on chromosomes X and 21. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

203 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P07203|GPX1
     1  MCAARLAAAA AAAQSVYAFS ARPLAGGEPV SLGSLRGKVL LIENVASLUG TTVRDYTQMN
    61  ELQRRLGPRG LVVLGFPCNQ FGHQENAKNE EILNSLKYVR PGGGFEPNFM LFEKCEVNGA
   121  GAHPLFAFLR EALPAPSDDA TALMTDPKLI TWSPVCRNDV AWNFEKFLVG PDGVPLRRYS
   181  RRFQTIDIEP DIEALLSQGP SCA

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against GPX1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability

Intracellular

Secreted

No

Transmembrane segments

0

Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)

0

Highest tissue expression

622 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)

1.89

gnomAD pLI

0

gnomAD missense Z

-0.3

DepMap mean gene effect

-0.07

DepMap dependency class

selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 3% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

• angiogenesis involved in wound healing
• arachidonate metabolic process
• biological process involved in interaction with symbiont
• blood vessel endothelial cell migration
• cell redox homeostasis
• cellular response to glucose stimulus
• cellular response to oxidative stress
• endothelial cell development
• epigenetic regulation of gene expression
• fat cell differentiation
• fibroblast proliferation
• glutathione metabolic process
• heart contraction
• hydrogen peroxide catabolic process
• intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to oxidative stress
• lipoxygenase pathway
• myoblast differentiation
• myoblast proliferation
• negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors
• negative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus
• negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway
• negative regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria
• neuron apoptotic process
• positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction
• regulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation
• regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process
• response to estradiol
• response to folic acid
• response to gamma radiation
• response to hormone
• response to hydrogen peroxide
• response to hydroperoxide
• response to lipopolysaccharide
• response to nicotine
• response to selenium ion
• response to symbiotic bacterium
• response to vitamin E
• response to xenobiotic stimulus
• sensory perception of sound
• skeletal muscle fiber development
• skeletal muscle tissue regeneration
• temperature homeostasis
• triglyceride metabolic process
• UV protection
• vasodilation
• positive regulation of supramolecular fiber organization

Molecular functions

• glutathione peroxidase activity
• phospholipid-hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase activity
• protein tyrosine kinase binding
• SH3 domain binding

Cellular components

• cytoplasm
• cytosol
• mitochondrial matrix
• mitochondrion

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

• Glutathione peroxidase
• Glutathione peroxidase active site
• Glutathione peroxidase conserved site
• Thioredoxin-like superfamily
• Glutathione peroxidase

KeywordsUniProt

• Acetylation
• Cytoplasm
• Lipid metabolism
• Mitochondrion
• Oxidoreductase
• Peroxidase
• Phosphoprotein
• Selenocysteine

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of GPX1 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

• MIEN1