Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

GFER

FAD-linked sulfhydryl oxidase ALR

Also known as: ALR, ALR_HUMAN, ERV1, HERV1, HPO1, HPO2, HSS

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P55789
Gene
GFER
Ensembl
ENSG00000127554
Chromosome
16
Canonical length
205 aa
Protein class
Disease related genes, Enzymes, Potential drug targets, Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted secreted proteins
Subcellular location
Mitochondria,Cytosol
Secretome location
Secreted to blood
Quaternary structure
Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

The hepatotrophic factor designated augmenter of liver regeneration (ALR) is thought to be one of the factors responsible for the extraordinary regenerative capacity of mammalian liver. It has also been called hepatic regenerative stimulation substance (HSS). The gene resides on chromosome 16 in the interval containing the locus for polycystic kidney disease (PKD1). The putative gene product is 42% similar to the scERV1 protein of yeast. The yeast scERV1 gene had been found to be essential for oxidative phosphorylation, the maintenance of mitochondrial genomes, and the cell division cycle. The human gene is both the structural and functional homolog of the yeast scERV1 gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

205 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P55789|GFER
     1  MAAPGERGRF HGGNLFFLPG GARSEMMDDL ATDARGRGAG RRDAAASAST PAQAPTSDSP
    61  VAEDASRRRP CRACVDFKTW MRTQQKRDTK FREDCPPDRE ELGRHSWAVL HTLAAYYPDL
   121  PTPEQQQDMA QFIHLFSKFY PCEECAEDLR KRLCRNHPDT RTRACFTQWL CHLHNEVNRK
   181  LGKPDFDCSK VDERWRDGWK DGSCD

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against GFER can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Secreted
Secreted
Yes
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.49
Highest tissue expression
50 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • pancreas: 50 nTPM
  • liver: 43 nTPM
  • skeletal muscle: 37 nTPM
  • testis: 35 nTPM
  • small intestine: 34 nTPM
  • colon: 30 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • enterocytes: 336 nCPM
  • early spermatids: 206 nCPM
  • late spermatids: 166 nCPM
  • colonocytes: 150 nCPM
  • late primary spermatocytes: 85 nCPM
  • esophageal apical cells: 78 nCPM

Immune cell

  • T-reg: 21 nTPM
  • memory B-cell: 21 nTPM
  • naive B-cell: 15 nTPM
  • memory CD8 T-cell: 15 nTPM
  • non-classical monocyte: 14 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 13 nTPM

Brain region

  • cerebellum: 22 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 22 nTPM
  • pons: 21 nTPM
  • thalamus: 20 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 20 nTPM
  • white matter: 19 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about GFER.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions GFER is implicated in, by any mechanism.

  • Myopathy, mitochondrial progressive, with congenital cataract, hearing loss and developmental delay (MPMCD) MIM:613076

Disease | GeneticClinVar

9 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 184 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

  • Congenital cataract-progressive muscular hypotonia-hearing loss-developmental delay syndrome
  • Inborn genetic diseases

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1.65
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
-0.2
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.67
DepMap dependency class
common

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 6% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of GFER in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads GFER as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against GFER could matter depends on whether native GFER is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

GFER is annotated as secreted, so native GFER circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label GFER as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/GFER. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

© 2026 · Seroatlas, Discover Oregon LLC · Terms of use

Loading the interactive Seroatlas protein explorer...