Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

ESD

S-formylglutathione hydrolase

Also known as: ESTD_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P10768
Gene
ESD
Ensembl
ENSG00000139684
Chromosome
13
Canonical length
282 aa
Protein class
Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location
Nucleoplasm,Golgi apparatus,Cytosol
Quaternary structure
Homodimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a serine hydrolase that belongs to the esterase D family. The encoded enzyme is active toward numerous substrates including O-acetylated sialic acids, and it may be involved in the recycling of sialic acids. This gene is used as a genetic marker for retinoblastoma and Wilson's disease. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2009]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

282 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P10768|ESD
     1  MALKQISSNK CFGGLQKVFE HDSVELNCKM KFAVYLPPKA ETGKCPALYW LSGLTCTEQN
    61  FISKSGYHQS ASEHGLVVIA PDTSPRGCNI KGEDESWDFG TGAGFYVDAT EDPWKTNYRM
   121  YSYVTEELPQ LINANFPVDP QRMSIFGHSM GGHGALICAL KNPGKYKSVS AFAPICNPVL
   181  CPWGKKAFSG YLGTDQSKWK AYDATHLVKS YPGSQLDILI DQGKDDQFLL DGQLLPDNFI
   241  AACTEKKIPV VFRLQEGYDH SYYFIATFIT DHIRHHAKYL NA

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against ESD can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.2
Highest tissue expression
259 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • liver: 259 nTPM
  • blood vessel: 248 nTPM
  • kidney: 181 nTPM
  • ovary: 178 nTPM
  • tongue: 167 nTPM
  • smooth muscle: 155 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • decidual stromal cells: 428 nCPM
  • hofbauer cells: 305 nCPM
  • ovarian stromal cells: 303 nCPM
  • esophageal basal cells: 297 nCPM
  • late primary spermatocytes: 272 nCPM
  • epididymal efferent duct absorptive cells: 263 nCPM

Immune cell

  • plasmacytoid DC: 171 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 143 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 130 nTPM
  • naive CD4 T-cell: 114 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 114 nTPM
  • NK-cell: 110 nTPM

Brain region

  • white matter: 85 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 85 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 74 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 66 nTPM
  • choroid plexus: 60 nTPM
  • cerebellum: 57 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1.15
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
0.4
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.02
DepMap dependency class
none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of ESD in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads ESD as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against ESD could matter depends on whether native ESD is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

ESD is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label ESD as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/ESD. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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