Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

CSH2

Chorionic somatomammotropin hormone 2

Also known as: CS-2, CSB, CSH2_HUMAN, hCS-B

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P0DML3
Gene
CSH2
Ensembl
ENSG00000213218
Chromosome
17
Canonical length
217 aa
Protein class
Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted secreted proteins
Secretome location
Secreted to blood

OverviewNCBI Gene

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the somatotropin/prolactin family of hormones and plays an important role in growth control. The gene is located at the growth hormone locus on chromosome 17 along with four other related genes in the same transcriptional orientation; an arrangement which is thought to have evolved by a series of gene duplications. Although the five genes share a remarkably high degree of sequence identity, they are expressed selectively in different tissues. Alternative splicing generates additional isoforms of each of the five growth hormones. This particular family member is expressed mainly in the placenta and utilizes multiple transcription initiation sites. Expression of the identical mature proteins for chorionic somatomammotropin hormones 1 and 2 is upregulated during development, while the ratio of 1 to 2 increases by term. Structural and expression differences provide avenues for developmental regulation and tissue specificity. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

217 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P0DML3|CSH2
     1  MAAGSRTSLL LAFALLCLPW LQEAGAVQTV PLSRLFDHAM LQAHRAHQLA IDTYQEFEET
    61  YIPKDQKYSF LHDSQTSFCF SDSIPTPSNM EETQQKSNLE LLRISLLLIE SWLEPVRFLR
   121  SMFANNLVYD TSDSDDYHLL KDLEEGIQTL MGRLEDGSRR TGQILKQTYS KFDTNSHNHD
   181  ALLKNYGLLY CFRKDMDKVE TFLRMVQCRS VEGSCGF

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against CSH2 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Secreted
Secreted
Yes
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.32
Highest tissue expression
3,106 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • placenta: 3,106 nTPM
  • smooth muscle: 14 nTPM
  • spleen: 8.1 nTPM
  • stomach: 4.9 nTPM
  • lung: 3.3 nTPM
  • pituitary gland: 2.2 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • syncytiotrophoblasts: 129 nCPM
  • extravillous trophoblasts: 33 nCPM
  • hofbauer cells: 4.4 nCPM
  • migrating cytotrophoblasts: 3 nCPM
  • cytotrophoblasts: 1.4 nCPM
  • late spermatids: 0.9 nCPM

Immune cell

  • basophil: 0 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 0 nTPM
  • eosinophil: 0 nTPM
  • gdT-cell: 0 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 0 nTPM
  • MAIT T-cell: 0 nTPM

Brain region

  • cerebellum: 0.1 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 0.1 nTPM
  • amygdala: 0 nTPM
  • basal ganglia: 0 nTPM
  • choroid plexus: 0 nTPM
  • hippocampal formation: 0 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1.15
gnomAD pLI
0.01
gnomAD missense Z
-0.87
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.42
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 3% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads CSH2 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against CSH2 could matter depends on whether native CSH2 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

CSH2 is annotated as secreted, so native CSH2 circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label CSH2 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/CSH2. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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