CHGA

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession

P10645

Gene

CHGA

Ensembl

ENSG00000100604

Chromosome

14

Canonical length

457 aa

Protein class

Cancer-related genes, Candidate cardiovascular disease genes, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins

Subcellular location

Vesicles

Secretome location

Intracellular and membrane

OverviewNCBI Gene

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the chromogranin/secretogranin family of neuroendocrine secretory proteins. It is found in secretory vesicles of neurons and endocrine cells. This gene product is a precursor to three biologically active peptides; vasostatin, pancreastatin, and parastatin. These peptides act as autocrine or paracrine negative modulators of the neuroendocrine system. Two other peptides, catestatin and chromofungin, have antimicrobial activity and antifungal activity, respectively. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

457 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P10645|CHGA
     1  MRSAAVLALL LCAGQVTALP VNSPMNKGDT EVMKCIVEVI SDTLSKPSPM PVSQECFETL
    61  RGDERILSIL RHQNLLKELQ DLALQGAKER AHQQKKHSGF EDELSEVLEN QSSQAELKEA
   121  VEEPSSKDVM EKREDSKEAE KSGEATDGAR PQALPEPMQE SKAEGNNQAP GEEEEEEEEA
   181  TNTHPPASLP SQKYPGPQAE GDSEGLSQGL VDREKGLSAE PGWQAKREEE EEEEEEAEAG
   241  EEAVPEEEGP TVVLNPHPSL GYKEIRKGES RSEALAVDGA GKPGAEEAQD PEGKGEQEHS
   301  QQKEEEEEMA VVPQGLFRGG KSGELEQEEE RLSKEWEDSK RWSKMDQLAK ELTAEKRLEG
   361  QEEEEDNRDS SMKLSFRARA YGFRGPGPQL RRGWRPSSRE DSLEAGLPLQ VRGYPEEKKE
   421  EEGSANRRPE DQELESLSAI EAELEKVAHQ LQALRRG

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against CHGA can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability

Secreted

Secreted

Yes

Transmembrane segments

0

Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)

0.64

Highest tissue expression

6,179 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about CHGA.

Disease | ImmuneIEDB

Conditions an epitope on CHGA was assayed in.

• type 1 diabetes mellitus T cell

ReferencesPubMed · IEDB

Publications for CHGA from three distinct lines of evidence, kept separate because they answer different questions: whether antibodies are directed at the protein, whether a B-cell epitope has been mapped on it, and whether a T-cell epitope has. Each is labelled with its source.

Sources: PubMed — antigen-level antibody evidence from a custom retrieval. Records matching a controlled set of autoantibody terms (the MeSH descriptors Autoantibodies and Autoantigens, with title and abstract term variants) were obtained through NCBI E-utilities, and their titles and abstracts parsed for constructions that direct an antibody at a named protein rather than for co-occurrence. Captured names were resolved against UniProt nomenclature and each antigen adjudicated individually against the source text. IEDB — curated epitope assays from the Immune Epitope Database (Vita et al., Nucleic Acids Research 2019). Bibliographic records from PubMed and MeSH, U.S. National Library of Medicine; citation metrics from NIH iCite (Hutchins et al., PLoS Biology 2016). Titles link to PubMed; abstracts are not reproduced here. The NLM does not endorse this analysis.

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)

0.57

gnomAD pLI

0.03

gnomAD missense Z

0.82

DepMap mean gene effect

0.01

DepMap dependency class

selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 2% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

• adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway
• defense response to bacterium
• defense response to fungus
• defense response to Gram-negative bacterium
• defense response to Gram-positive bacterium
• innate immune response
• killing of cells of another organism
• mast cell activation
• mast cell chemotaxis
• mast cell degranulation
• negative regulation of catecholamine secretion
• negative regulation of insulin secretion
• positive regulation of cardiac muscle contraction
• positive regulation of dense core granule biogenesis
• positive regulation of phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway
• positive regulation of relaxation of cardiac muscle
• protein localization to secretory granule
• regulation of blood pressure
• regulation of the force of heart contraction

Cellular components

• chromaffin granule
• extracellular region
• extracellular space
• neuronal dense core vesicle
• perinuclear region of cytoplasm
• secretory granule
• transport vesicle

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

• Chromogranin A/B
• Chromogranin A/B/C
• Chromogranin, conserved site
• Granin (chromogranin or secretogranin)

KeywordsUniProt

• Amidation
• Antibiotic
• Antimicrobial
• Calcium
• Cleavage on pair of basic residues
• Cytoplasmic vesicle
• Disulfide bond
• Fungicide
• Glycoprotein
• Oxidation
• Phosphoprotein
• Proteoglycan
• Secreted
• Signal
• Sulfation

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of CHGA in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

• ITPR1
• SCG3
• ITPR3
• ITPR2