Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

CD274

Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1

Also known as: B7-H, B7-H1, B7H1, PD-L1, PD1L1_HUMAN, PDCD1LG1, PDL1

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
Q9NZQ7
Gene
CD274
Ensembl
ENSG00000120217
Chromosome
9
Canonical length
290 aa
Protein class
Cancer-related genes, CD markers, Disease related genes, FDA approved drug targets, Predicted membrane proteins, Transporters
Subcellular location
Nucleoplasm,Plasma membrane,Actin filaments
Secretome location
Secreted - unknown location
Quaternary structure
Homomultimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes an immune inhibitory receptor ligand that is expressed by hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells, such as T cells and B cells and various types of tumor cells. The encoded protein is a type I transmembrane protein that has immunoglobulin V-like and C-like domains. Interaction of this ligand with its receptor inhibits T-cell activation and cytokine production. During infection or inflammation of normal tissue, this interaction is important for preventing autoimmunity by maintaining homeostasis of the immune response. In tumor microenvironments, this interaction provides an immune escape for tumor cells through cytotoxic T-cell inactivation. Expression of this gene in tumor cells is considered to be prognostic in many types of human malignancies, including colon cancer and renal cell carcinoma. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

290 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q9NZQ7|CD274
     1  MRIFAVFIFM TYWHLLNAFT VTVPKDLYVV EYGSNMTIEC KFPVEKQLDL AALIVYWEME
    61  DKNIIQFVHG EEDLKVQHSS YRQRARLLKD QLSLGNAALQ ITDVKLQDAG VYRCMISYGG
   121  ADYKRITVKV NAPYNKINQR ILVVDPVTSE HELTCQAEGY PKAEVIWTSS DHQVLSGKTT
   181  TTNSKREEKL FNVTSTLRIN TTTNEIFYCT FRRLDPEENH TAELVIPELP LAHPPNERTH
   241  LVILGAILLC LGVALTFIFR LRKGRMMDVK KCGIQDTNSK KQSDTHLEET

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against CD274 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Cell surface
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
1
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.37
Highest tissue expression
16 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • lung: 16 nTPM
  • thymus: 12 nTPM
  • appendix: 9.7 nTPM
  • spleen: 9.7 nTPM
  • heart muscle: 8.3 nTPM
  • urinary bladder: 6.7 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • syncytiotrophoblasts: 73 nCPM
  • mast cells: 61 nCPM
  • megakaryocyte progenitors: 56 nCPM
  • extravillous trophoblasts: 48 nCPM
  • neutrophils: 34 nCPM
  • cdc: 33 nCPM

Immune cell

  • basophil: 6.7 nTPM
  • neutrophil: 3.6 nTPM
  • memory CD4 T-cell: 1.4 nTPM
  • MAIT T-cell: 1.2 nTPM
  • memory CD8 T-cell: 1.1 nTPM
  • gdT-cell: 0.7 nTPM

Brain region

  • pons: 3.9 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 3.8 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 3.5 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 3.2 nTPM
  • midbrain: 3.1 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 2.2 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about CD274.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions CD274 is implicated in, by any mechanism.

  • Autoimmune disease, multisystem, infantile-onset, 5 (ADMIO5) MIM:621235

Disease | ImmuneIEDB

Conditions an epitope on CD274 was assayed in.

ReferencesPubMed · IEDB

Publications for CD274 from three distinct lines of evidence, kept separate because they answer different questions: whether antibodies are directed at the protein, whether a B-cell epitope has been mapped on it, and whether a T-cell epitope has. Each is labelled with its source.

Reference: AutoantibodyPubMed

18 publications

Show 13 more

Reference: T cellIEDB

5 publications

Sources: PubMed — antigen-level antibody evidence from a custom retrieval. Records matching a controlled set of autoantibody terms (the MeSH descriptors Autoantibodies and Autoantigens, with title and abstract term variants) were obtained through NCBI E-utilities, and their titles and abstracts parsed for constructions that direct an antibody at a named protein rather than for co-occurrence. Captured names were resolved against UniProt nomenclature and each antigen adjudicated individually against the source text. IEDB — curated epitope assays from the Immune Epitope Database (Vita et al., Nucleic Acids Research 2019). Bibliographic records from PubMed and MeSH, U.S. National Library of Medicine; citation metrics from NIH iCite (Hutchins et al., PLoS Biology 2016). Titles link to PubMed; abstracts are not reproduced here. The NLM does not endorse this analysis.

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.8
gnomAD pLI
0.02
gnomAD missense Z
0.9
DepMap mean gene effect
0.13
DepMap dependency class
none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of CD274 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads CD274 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against CD274 could matter depends on whether native CD274 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

CD274 is annotated at the cell surface, where native CD274 is exposed to circulating antibodies and is a prime autoantibody target that could block, deplete, or overstimulate it.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label CD274 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/CD274. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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