Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

AGRP

Agouti-related protein

Also known as: AGRP_HUMAN, Agrt, ART, ASIP2

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: O00253
Gene: AGRP
Ensembl: ENSG00000159723
Chromosome: 16
Canonical length: 132 aa
Protein class: Disease related genes, Human disease related genes, Plasma proteins, Predicted secreted proteins
Subcellular location: Vesicles
Secretome location: Secreted in brain

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes an antagonist of the melanocortin-3 and melanocortin-4 receptor. It appears to regulate hypothalamic control of feeding behavior via melanocortin receptor and/or intracellular calcium regulation, and thus plays a role in weight homeostasis. Mutations in this gene have been associated with late on-set obesity. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2009]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

132 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>O00253|AGRP
     1  MLTAAVLSCA LLLALPATRG AQMGLAPMEG IRRPDQALLP ELPGLGLRAP LKKTTAEQAE
    61  EDLLQEAQAL AEVLDLQDRE PRSSRRCVRL HESCLGQQVP CCDPCATCYC RFFNAFCYCR
   121  KLGTAMNPCS RT

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against AGRP can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Secreted
Secreted: Yes
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.57
Highest tissue expression: 36 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

hypothalamus: 36 nTPM
epididymis: 35 nTPM
adrenal gland: 20 nTPM
lung: 3.5 nTPM
kidney: 1.8 nTPM
spinal cord: 1.2 nTPM

Single-cell type

epididymal principal cells: 190 nCPM
adrenal cortex cells: 11 nCPM
adrenal medulla cells: 11 nCPM
epididymal basal cells: 4.5 nCPM
macrophages: 3.4 nCPM
leydig cells: 2.1 nCPM

Immune cell

classical monocyte: 1.6 nTPM
intermediate monocyte: 1.1 nTPM
gdT-cell: 0.9 nTPM
memory B-cell: 0.7 nTPM
myeloid DC: 0.7 nTPM
naive CD4 T-cell: 0.6 nTPM

Brain region

hypothalamus: 256 nTPM
medulla oblongata: 8.4 nTPM
choroid plexus: 7.7 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 7 nTPM
midbrain: 6.8 nTPM
thalamus: 6.8 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about AGRP.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions AGRP is implicated in, by any mechanism.

Obesity (OBESITY) MIM:601665

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 1.68
gnomAD pLI: 0
gnomAD missense Z: 0.45
DepMap mean gene effect: 0
DepMap dependency class: none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 3% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of AGRP in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads AGRP as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against AGRP could matter depends on whether native AGRP is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

AGRP is annotated as secreted, so native AGRP circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label AGRP as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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