Enoyl-CoA hydratase/isomerase, conserved site
IPR018376
Definition
The crotonase superfamily is comprised of mechanistically diverse proteins that share a conserved trimeric quaternary structure (sometimes a hexamer consisting of a dimer of trimers), the core of which consists of 4 turns of a (β/β/α)n superhelix. Some enzymes in the superfamily have been shown to display dehalogenase, hydratase, and isomerase activities, while others have been implicated in carbon-carbon bond formation and cleavage as well as the hydrolysis of thioesters PMID:11263873. However, these different enzymes share the need to stabilise an enolate anion intermediate derived from an acyl-CoA substrate. This is accomplished by two structurally conserved peptidic NH groups that provide hydrogen bonds to the carbonyl moieties of the acyl-CoA substrates and form an "oxyanion hole". The CoA thioester derivatives bind in a characteristic hooked shape and a conserved tunnel binds the pantetheine group of CoA, which links the 3'-phosphate ADP binding site to the site of reaction PMID:17198383. Enzymes in the crotonase superfamily include: Enoyl-CoA hydratase (crotonase; [ec:4.2.1.17]), which catalyses the hydration of 2-trans-enoyl-CoA into 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA PMID:12445775. 3-2 trans-enoyl-CoA isomerase (or dodecenoyl-CoA isomerise; [ec:5.3.3.8]), which shifts the 3-double bond of the intermediates of unsaturated fatty acid oxidation to the 2-trans position PMID:1958319. 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydratase (crotonase; [ec:4.2.1.55]), a bacterial enzyme involved in the butyrate/butanol-producing pathway. 4-Chlorobenzoyl-CoA dehalogenase ([ec:3.8.1.6]), a Pseudomonas enzyme which catalyses the conversion of 4-chlorobenzoate-CoA to 4-hydroxybenzoate-CoA PMID:8679561. Dienoyl-CoA isomerase, which catalyses the isomerisation of 3-trans,5-cis-dienoyl-CoA to 2-trans,4-trans-dienoyl-CoA PMID:9739087. Naphthoate synthase (MenB, or DHNA synthetase; [ec:4.1.3.36]), a bacterial enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of menaquinone (vitamin K2) PMID:16131752. Carnitine racemase (gene caiD), which catalyses the reversible conversion of crotonobetaine to L-carnitine in Escherichia coli PMID:11551212. Methylmalonyl CoA decarboxylase (MMCD; [ec:7.2.4.3]), which has a hexameric structure (dimer of trimers) PMID:10769118. Carboxymethyl Proline synthase (CarB), which is involved in carbapenem biosynthesis PMID:16096274. 6-oxo camphor hydrolase, which catalyses the desymmetrization of bicyclic beta-diketones to optically active keto acids PMID:15138275. The alpha subunit of fatty oxidation complex, a multi-enzyme complex that catalyses the last three reactions in the fatty acid beta-oxidation cycle PMID:5229654. AUH protein, a bifunctional RNA-binding homologue of enoyl-CoA hydratase PMID:11738050.
8 human proteins with this domain
Each is a reviewed human protein in the Seroatlas serome and a potential autoantibody target; this domain groups them into one antibody-relevant category. Every entry links to its own record.
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