Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

TXNDC12

Thioredoxin domain-containing protein 12

Also known as: AGR1, ERP18, ERP19, hAG-1, PDIA16, TLP19, TXD12_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
O95881
Gene
TXNDC12
Ensembl
ENSG00000117862
Chromosome
1
Canonical length
172 aa
Protein class
Enzymes, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins
Secretome location
Intracellular and membrane

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a member of the thioredoxin superfamily. Members of this family are characterized by a conserved active motif called the thioredoxin fold that catalyzes disulfide bond formation and isomerization. This protein localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and has a single atypical active motif. The encoded protein is mainly involved in catalyzing native disulfide bond formation and displays activity similar to protein-disulfide isomerases. This protein may play a role in defense against endoplasmic reticulum stress. Alternate splicing results in both coding and non-coding variants. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2012]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

172 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>O95881|TXNDC12
     1  METRPRLGAT CLLGFSFLLL VISSDGHNGL GKGFGDHIHW RTLEDGKKEA AASGLPLMVI
    61  IHKSWCGACK ALKPKFAEST EISELSHNFV MVNLEDEEEP KDEDFSPDGG YIPRILFLDP
   121  SGKVHPEIIN ENGNPSYKYF YVSAEQVVQG MKEAQERLTG DAFRKKHLED EL

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against TXNDC12 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.35
Highest tissue expression
69 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • liver: 69 nTPM
  • rectum: 62 nTPM
  • ovary: 62 nTPM
  • pancreas: 61 nTPM
  • epididymis: 59 nTPM
  • colon: 57 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • enteric transient amplifying cells: 46 nCPM
  • enteric stem cells: 46 nCPM
  • paneth cells: 39 nCPM
  • goblet cells: 35 nCPM
  • microglia: 34 nCPM
  • adrenal medulla cells: 32 nCPM

Immune cell

  • neutrophil: 395 nTPM
  • eosinophil: 357 nTPM
  • basophil: 357 nTPM
  • total PBMC: 273 nTPM
  • non-classical monocyte: 235 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 224 nTPM

Brain region

  • hypothalamus: 41 nTPM
  • white matter: 39 nTPM
  • choroid plexus: 35 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 35 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 32 nTPM
  • thalamus: 30 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1.33
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
0.52
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.19
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 6% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads TXNDC12 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against TXNDC12 could matter depends on whether native TXNDC12 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

TXNDC12 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label TXNDC12 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/TXNDC12. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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