TXNDC12
Thioredoxin domain-containing protein 12
Also known as: AGR1, ERP18, ERP19, hAG-1, PDIA16, TLP19, TXD12_HUMAN
Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene
Protein identityUniProt · HPA
- UniProt accession
- O95881
- Gene
- TXNDC12
- Ensembl
- ENSG00000117862
- Chromosome
- 1
- Canonical length
- 172 aa
- Protein class
- Enzymes, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins
- Secretome location
- Intracellular and membrane
OverviewNCBI Gene
This gene encodes a member of the thioredoxin superfamily. Members of this family are characterized by a conserved active motif called the thioredoxin fold that catalyzes disulfide bond formation and isomerization. This protein localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and has a single atypical active motif. The encoded protein is mainly involved in catalyzing native disulfide bond formation and displays activity similar to protein-disulfide isomerases. This protein may play a role in defense against endoplasmic reticulum stress. Alternate splicing results in both coding and non-coding variants. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2012]
Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt
172 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.
>O95881|TXNDC12
1 METRPRLGAT CLLGFSFLLL VISSDGHNGL GKGFGDHIHW RTLEDGKKEA AASGLPLMVI
61 IHKSWCGACK ALKPKFAEST EISELSHNFV MVNLEDEEEP KDEDFSPDGG YIPRILFLDP
121 SGKVHPEIIN ENGNPSYKYF YVSAEQVVQG MKEAQERLTG DAFRKKHLED ELLocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA
Whether an antibody against TXNDC12 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.
- Antibody reachability
- Intracellular
- Secreted
- No
- Transmembrane segments
- 0
- Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
- 0.35
- Highest tissue expression
- 69 nTPM
Expression across tissuesHPA
Tissue
- liver: 69 nTPM
- rectum: 62 nTPM
- ovary: 62 nTPM
- pancreas: 61 nTPM
- epididymis: 59 nTPM
- colon: 57 nTPM
Single-cell type
- enteric transient amplifying cells: 46 nCPM
- enteric stem cells: 46 nCPM
- paneth cells: 39 nCPM
- goblet cells: 35 nCPM
- microglia: 34 nCPM
- adrenal medulla cells: 32 nCPM
Immune cell
- neutrophil: 395 nTPM
- eosinophil: 357 nTPM
- basophil: 357 nTPM
- total PBMC: 273 nTPM
- non-classical monocyte: 235 nTPM
- classical monocyte: 224 nTPM
Brain region
- hypothalamus: 41 nTPM
- white matter: 39 nTPM
- choroid plexus: 35 nTPM
- spinal cord: 35 nTPM
- medulla oblongata: 32 nTPM
- thalamus: 30 nTPM
Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap
Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.
- gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
- 1.33
- gnomAD pLI
- 0
- gnomAD missense Z
- 0.52
- DepMap mean gene effect
- -0.19
- DepMap dependency class
- selective
Cancer expressionTCGA
Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 6% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).
OntologyGO
Biological processes
Molecular functions
Cellular components
Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro
KeywordsUniProt
Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis
Seroatlas reads TXNDC12 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against TXNDC12 could matter depends on whether native TXNDC12 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.
TXNDC12 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.
Annotation status
The present source text does not explicitly label TXNDC12 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.
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