Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

SLC18A1

Chromaffin granule amine transporter

Also known as: CGAT, VAT1, VMAT1, VMAT1_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P54219
Gene
SLC18A1
Ensembl
ENSG00000036565
Chromosome
8
Canonical length
525 aa
Protein class
FDA approved drug targets, Metabolic proteins, Predicted membrane proteins, Transporters

OverviewNCBI Gene

The vesicular monoamine transporter acts to accumulate cytosolic monoamines into vesicles, using the proton gradient maintained across the vesicular membrane. Its proper function is essential to the correct activity of the monoaminergic systems that have been implicated in several human neuropsychiatric disorders. The transporter is a site of action of important drugs, including reserpine and tetrabenazine (Peter et al., 1993 [PubMed 7905859]). See also SLC18A2 (MIM 193001).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

525 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P54219|SLC18A1
     1  MLRTILDAPQ RLLKEGRASR QLVLVVVFVA LLLDNMLFTV VVPIVPTFLY DMEFKEVNSS
    61  LHLGHAGSSP HALASPAFST IFSFFNNNTV AVEESVPSGI AWMNDTASTI PPPATEAISA
   121  HKNNCLQGTG FLEEEITRVG VLFASKAVMQ LLVNPFVGPL TNRIGYHIPM FAGFVIMFLS
   181  TVMFAFSGTY TLLFVARTLQ GIGSSFSSVA GLGMLASVYT DDHERGRAMG TALGGLALGL
   241  LVGAPFGSVM YEFVGKSAPF LILAFLALLD GALQLCILQP SKVSPESAKG TPLFMLLKDP
   301  YILVAAGSIC FANMGVAILE PTLPIWMMQT MCSPKWQLGL AFLPASVSYL IGTNLFGVLA
   361  NKMGRWLCSL IGMLVVGTSL LCVPLAHNIF GLIGPNAGLG LAIGMVDSSM MPIMGHLVDL
   421  RHTSVYGSVY AIADVAFCMG FAIGPSTGGA IVKAIGFPWL MVITGVINIV YAPLCYYLRS
   481  PPAKEEKLAI LSQDCPMETR MYATQKPTKE FPLGEDSDEE PDHEE

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against SLC18A1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Other membrane
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
12
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.31
Highest tissue expression
24 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • adrenal gland: 24 nTPM
  • rectum: 2.8 nTPM
  • small intestine: 1.5 nTPM
  • duodenum: 1.4 nTPM
  • colon: 1.2 nTPM
  • stomach: 1.1 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • neuroendocrine cells: 207 nCPM
  • adrenal medulla cells: 106 nCPM
  • microglia: 8.2 nCPM
  • gastric progenitor cells: 3.8 nCPM
  • enteric stem cells: 2.6 nCPM
  • other brain neurons: 2 nCPM

Immune cell

  • non-classical monocyte: 2.8 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 0.9 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 0.1 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 0.1 nTPM
  • neutrophil: 0.1 nTPM
  • total PBMC: 0.1 nTPM

Brain region

  • midbrain: 8.5 nTPM
  • thalamus: 0.4 nTPM
  • pons: 0.3 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 0.2 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 0.2 nTPM
  • amygdala: 0.1 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1.59
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
-2.38
DepMap mean gene effect
0.09
DepMap dependency class
none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 3% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads SLC18A1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against SLC18A1 could matter depends on whether native SLC18A1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

SLC18A1 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label SLC18A1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/SLC18A1. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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