Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

SHMT1

Serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic

Also known as: cSHMT, GLYC_HUMAN, MGC15229, MGC24556, SHMT

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P34896
Gene
SHMT1
Ensembl
ENSG00000176974
Chromosome
17
Canonical length
483 aa
Protein class
Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins
Subcellular location
Nucleoplasm,Cytosol
Quaternary structure
Homotetramer

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes the cytosolic form of serine hydroxymethyltransferase, a pyridoxal phosphate-containing enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of serine and tetrahydrofolate to glycine and 5,10-methylene tetrahydrofolate. This reaction provides one-carbon units for synthesis of methionine, thymidylate, and purines in the cytoplasm. This gene is located within the Smith-Magenis syndrome region on chromosome 17. A pseudogene of this gene is located on the short arm of chromosome 1. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2013]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

483 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P34896|SHMT1
     1  MTMPVNGAHK DADLWSSHDK MLAQPLKDSD VEVYNIIKKE SNRQRVGLEL IASENFASRA
    61  VLEALGSCLN NKYSEGYPGQ RYYGGTEFID ELETLCQKRA LQAYKLDPQC WGVNVQPYSG
   121  SPANFAVYTA LVEPHGRIMG LDLPDGGHLT HGFMTDKKKI SATSIFFESM PYKVNPDTGY
   181  INYDQLEENA RLFHPKLIIA GTSCYSRNLE YARLRKIADE NGAYLMADMA HISGLVAAGV
   241  VPSPFEHCHV VTTTTHKTLR GCRAGMIFYR KGVKSVDPKT GKEILYNLES LINSAVFPGL
   301  QGGPHNHAIA GVAVALKQAM TLEFKVYQHQ VVANCRALSE ALTELGYKIV TGGSDNHLIL
   361  VDLRSKGTDG GRAEKVLEAC SIACNKNTCP GDRSALRPSG LRLGTPALTS RGLLEKDFQK
   421  VAHFIHRGIE LTLQIQSDTG VRATLKEFKE RLAGDKYQAA VQALREEVES FASLFPLPGL
   481  PDF

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against SHMT1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.25
Highest tissue expression
376 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • liver: 376 nTPM
  • kidney: 157 nTPM
  • parathyroid gland: 80 nTPM
  • esophagus: 55 nTPM
  • breast: 35 nTPM
  • adipose tissue: 35 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • proximal tubule cells: 220 nCPM
  • renal collecting duct principal cells: 48 nCPM
  • loop of henle epithelial cells: 47 nCPM
  • microglia: 32 nCPM
  • papillary tip epithelial cells: 31 nCPM
  • renal connecting tubule cells: 30 nCPM

Immune cell

  • T-reg: 11 nTPM
  • basophil: 10 nTPM
  • NK-cell: 8.5 nTPM
  • MAIT T-cell: 8 nTPM
  • naive CD4 T-cell: 6.6 nTPM
  • memory CD4 T-cell: 6.5 nTPM

Brain region

  • white matter: 17 nTPM
  • cerebellum: 12 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 10 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 9.9 nTPM
  • pons: 9.7 nTPM
  • basal ganglia: 9.4 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1.36
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
0.35
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.19
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of SHMT1 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads SHMT1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against SHMT1 could matter depends on whether native SHMT1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

SHMT1 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label SHMT1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/SHMT1. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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