Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

RTL1

Retrotransposon-like protein 1

Also known as: HUR1, Mar1, MART1, PEG11, RTL1_HUMAN, SIRH2

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
A6NKG5
Gene
RTL1
Ensembl
ENSG00000254656
Chromosome
14
Canonical length
1358 aa
Protein class
Predicted membrane proteins
Subcellular location
Cytosol

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene is a retrotransposon-derived, paternally expressed imprinted gene that is highly expressed at the late fetal stage in both the fetus and placenta. It has an overlapping maternally expressed antisense transcript, which contains several microRNAs targeting the transcripts of this gene through an RNA interference (RNAi) mechanism. This gene is essential for maintenance of the fetal capillaries. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2009]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

1358 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>A6NKG5|RTL1
     1  MIEPSEDSFE TMMEHKNPSS KQMESSEGSS NTTEATSGSG VRGEAGPASG PAQEKKEPPS
    61  GPLQEMEELP TDLLQDMEEP SSGPRKEIED PPNDLLQDLE ESCNGSHQAR GDPLSGASDR
   121  MKEASVNPSG AREEQEAHTD LKESGREETP QEQNQTEHST AELMAMVRSI ISLYFRMQDL
   181  KEQQRVAEEI LIKGINAGQL PAPKHFSGDR REFHEFIVLC QLTLQSYPRM FYNDRLRVGY
   241  VINHLSGLAL EWAKALLQEN SPLIGDFPAF LEAMSEVFEY RQALRVAEEA MFTIRQGGRS
   301  ATEYIDEFQS LVPILGWPDE VLQAHLCQGL NEEIRHYLFR VPQPDSLDSL IVLILQIEEK
   361  LAERRAMLRL PPEARPRNLT WIDSPAPERW MVSSWLPSEV HPDINRAHLF LLLMVRVNPY
   421  HSVAVQALVD SGADGNFMDE KFAQEHYVEL YEKPYPQPVQ SVDGSLIGNE PVWLYTEPLV
   481  CIHQNHQESI EFDIVPSPNF SVVLGIRWLR VHAPEVDWIK GRCTFHSPYC LKNCFRPPPP
   541  CIALERHGMS LLPGLPHPYS DLADVFNPKE ADDETSDQPS SDGSDDLSES EPSELQQAGD
   601  SDHSETFYEC PSTAPWEPVG ARMQERARLQ EEYWDLQDML TNRQDYIQMI PELFDQLHGA
   661  EWFTKLELRG TIVEESVNGH RTEDVWKAAF GLELEEMKSY QPFALSPDPI IPQNVIHFIL
   721  KDMLGFFVLS YGQEVLIYSM SQEEHLHHVR QVLVRFRHHN VYCSLDKSQF HRQTVEFLGF
   781  VVTPKGVKLN KNVMTIITGY PTPGSKLSLR NFIEFVFPYR HFVERFSIIA EPLVRQLLSS
   841  YQFYWGVEEQ EAFECLKRAF RKAPLLHHPK PQNPFYLETG VTGTALHASL IQIDDQTGKR
   901  ACCAFYSRNI SPIEVEYSQA EMKILPIRAA FMVWCRYLEN TEEPIMILLN TEDLASLNND
   961  RLTVLLPGHW VFFFSHFNFD VMELPEQDGG RALPPVRNLR WRRAFQRNTA ARQTLLLASR
  1021  GFPRDPSTES GEEENEEQDE LNEQILRQEL LAMIPIDQIL NSFLAHFSMA QIRAVILHFF
  1081  RGLLYWKNTL ALAAILVLLR VRQCLSLRPA PAMRVARPQP QRSLRLILDS SLIAGSSITT
  1141  AITQLLTQMP ALVGANTIPA QELAELFLGP GRWQRNALHS QAHRGLQFTP GFWLTLCEFF
  1201  GVRVTPQEGH LPALRQNRYL ELHVVGDEDV VLREALQDDL QRYRQCGLHD GLQDTSQDKQ
  1261  DNDVQEAPPS HTAATHPPRP RHLMDPQVLE FLGSRLLHIH SADGQLHLLS REQAARALSQ
  1321  FLTLIYRRAL PIPAWESQPR EQARLEELPD EDEDANLD

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against RTL1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Unknown
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
2
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.45
Highest tissue expression
4.2 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • hypothalamus: 4.2 nTPM
  • placenta: 2.7 nTPM
  • adrenal gland: 1.5 nTPM
  • midbrain: 1.1 nTPM
  • ovary: 0.7 nTPM
  • basal ganglia: 0.5 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • myosatellite cells: 80 nCPM
  • adrenal medulla cells: 43 nCPM
  • fibro-adipogenic progenitors: 28 nCPM
  • retinal ganglion cells: 27 nCPM
  • fibroblasts: 22 nCPM
  • somatotrophs: 22 nCPM

Immune cell

  • basophil: 0 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 0 nTPM
  • eosinophil: 0 nTPM
  • gdT-cell: 0 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 0 nTPM
  • MAIT T-cell: 0 nTPM

Brain region

  • hypothalamus: 21 nTPM
  • pons: 21 nTPM
  • midbrain: 14 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 11 nTPM
  • basal ganglia: 7.5 nTPM
  • thalamus: 7.4 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.53
gnomAD pLI
0.01
gnomAD missense Z
2.69
DepMap mean gene effect
0.05
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 1% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads RTL1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against RTL1 could matter depends on whether native RTL1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

RTL1 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label RTL1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/RTL1. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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