Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

RLN1

Prorelaxin H1

Also known as: H1, REL1_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P04808
Gene
RLN1
Ensembl
ENSG00000107018
Chromosome
9
Canonical length
185 aa
Protein class
Plasma proteins, Predicted secreted proteins
Secretome location
Secreted to blood

OverviewNCBI Gene

Relaxins are known endocrine and autocrine/paracrine hormones, belonging to the insulin gene superfamily. In humans there are three non-allelic relaxin genes, RLN1, RLN2 and RLN3, where RLN1 and RLN2 share high sequence homology. The protein encoded by this gene is synthesized as a single-chain polypeptide but the active form consists of an A chain and a B chain linked by disulfide bonds. Relaxin is produced by the ovary, and targets the mammalian reproductive system to ripen the cervix, elongate the pubic symphysis and inhibit uterine contraction. It may have additional roles in enhancing sperm motility, regulating blood pressure, controlling heart rate and releasing oxytocin and vasopressin. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2013]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

185 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P04808|RLN1
     1  MPRLFLFHLL EFCLLLNQFS RAVAAKWKDD VIKLCGRELV RAQIAICGMS TWSKRSLSQE
    61  DAPQTPRPVA EIVPSFINKD TETIIIMLEF IANLPPELKA ALSERQPSLP ELQQYVPALK
   121  DSNLSFEEFK KLIRNRQSEA ADSNPSELKY LGLDTHSQKK RRPYVALFEK CCLIGCTKRS
   181  LAKYC

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against RLN1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Secreted
Secreted
Yes
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.52
Highest tissue expression
22 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • prostate: 22 nTPM
  • testis: 0.3 nTPM
  • lymph node: 0.1 nTPM
  • adipose tissue: 0 nTPM
  • adrenal gland: 0 nTPM
  • amygdala: 0 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • prostatic glandular cells: 19 nCPM
  • fallopian tube ciliated cells: 7 nCPM
  • undifferentiated spermatogonia: 3.6 nCPM
  • platelets: 2.8 nCPM
  • early primary spermatocytes: 2.5 nCPM
  • epididymal efferent duct ciliated cells: 2.5 nCPM

Immune cell

  • gdT-cell: 0.2 nTPM
  • memory CD8 T-cell: 0.1 nTPM
  • basophil: 0 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 0 nTPM
  • eosinophil: 0 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 0 nTPM

Brain region

  • hypothalamus: 0.6 nTPM
  • white matter: 0.5 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 0.4 nTPM
  • pons: 0.4 nTPM
  • thalamus: 0.4 nTPM
  • basal ganglia: 0.3 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1.86
gnomAD pLI
0.01
gnomAD missense Z
-1.64
DepMap mean gene effect
0.07
DepMap dependency class
none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads RLN1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against RLN1 could matter depends on whether native RLN1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

RLN1 is annotated as secreted, so native RLN1 circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label RLN1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/RLN1. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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