Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

PROX1

Prospero homeobox protein 1

Also known as: PROX1_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
Q92786
Gene
PROX1
Ensembl
ENSG00000117707
Chromosome
1
Canonical length
737 aa
Protein class
Plasma proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins, Transcription factors
Subcellular location
Nucleoplasm,Cytosol

OverviewNCBI Gene

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the homeobox transcription factor family. Members of this family contain a homeobox domain that consists of a 60-amino acid helix-turn-helix structure that binds DNA and RNA. The protein encoded by this gene is conserved across vertebrates and may play an essential role during development. Altered levels of this protein have been reported in cancers of different organs, such as colon, brain, blood, breast, pancreas, liver and esophagus. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2012]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

737 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q92786|PROX1
     1  MPDHDSTALL SRQTKRRRVD IGVKRTVGTA SAFFAKARAT FFSAMNPQGS EQDVEYSVVQ
    61  HADGEKSNVL RKLLKRANSY EDAMMPFPGA TIISQLLKNN MNKNGGTEPS FQASGLSSTG
   121  SEVHQEDICS NSSRDSPPEC LSPFGRPTMS QFDMDRLCDE HLRAKRARVE NIIRGMSHSP
   181  SVALRGNENE REMAPQSVSP RESYRENKRK QKLPQQQQQS FQQLVSARKE QKREERRQLK
   241  QQLEDMQKQL RQLQEKFYQI YDSTDSENDE DGNLSEDSMR SEILDARAQD SVGRSDNEMC
   301  ELDPGQFIDR ARALIREQEM AENKPKREGN NKERDHGPNS LQPEGKHLAE TLKQELNTAM
   361  SQVVDTVVKV FSAKPSRQVP QVFPPLQIPQ ARFAVNGENH NFHTANQRLQ CFGDVIIPNP
   421  LDTFGNVQMA SSTDQTEALP LVVRKNSSDQ SASGPAAGGH HQPLHQSPLS ATTGFTTSTF
   481  RHPFPLPLMA YPFQSPLGAP SGSFSGKDRA SPESLDLTRD TTSLRTKMSS HHLSHHPCSP
   541  AHPPSTAEGL SLSLIKSECG DLQDMSEISP YSGSAMQEGL SPNHLKKAKL MFFYTRYPSS
   601  NMLKTYFSDV KFNRCITSQL IKWFSNFREF YYIQMEKYAR QAINDGVTST EELSITRDCE
   661  LYRALNMHYN KANDFEVPER FLEVAQITLR EFFNAIIAGK DVDPSWKKAI YKVICKLDSE
   721  VPEIFKSPNC LQELLHE

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against PROX1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Intracellular
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.59
Highest tissue expression
81 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • liver: 81 nTPM
  • retina: 20 nTPM
  • heart muscle: 15 nTPM
  • pancreas: 15 nTPM
  • adrenal gland: 9.5 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 7.2 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • lymphatic endothelial cells: 612 nCPM
  • retinal horizontal cells: 549 nCPM
  • hepatocytes: 424 nCPM
  • retinal bipolar cells: 310 nCPM
  • cardiomyocytes: 220 nCPM
  • corticotrophs: 213 nCPM

Immune cell

  • memory B-cell: 0.2 nTPM
  • basophil: 0 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 0 nTPM
  • eosinophil: 0 nTPM
  • gdT-cell: 0 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 0 nTPM

Brain region

  • white matter: 97 nTPM
  • thalamus: 83 nTPM
  • cerebellum: 72 nTPM
  • hippocampal formation: 68 nTPM
  • basal ganglia: 64 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 61 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.22
gnomAD pLI
1
gnomAD missense Z
3.52
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.05
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of PROX1 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads PROX1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against PROX1 could matter depends on whether native PROX1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

PROX1 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label PROX1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/PROX1. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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