Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

PRM2

Protamine-2

Also known as: CT94.2, PRM2_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: P04554
Gene: PRM2
Ensembl: ENSG00000122304
Chromosome: 16
Canonical length: 102 aa
Protein class: Predicted intracellular proteins

OverviewNCBI Gene

Protamines substitute for histones in the chromatin of sperm during the haploid phase of spermatogenesis, and are the major DNA-binding proteins in the nucleus of sperm in many vertebrates. They package the sperm DNA into a highly condensed complex in a volume less than 5% of a somatic cell nucleus. Many mammalian species have only one protamine (protamine 1); however, a few species, including human and mouse, have two. This gene encodes protamine 2, which is cleaved to give rise to a family of protamine 2 peptides. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have also been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

102 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P04554|PRM2
     1  MVRYRVRSLS ERSHEVYRQQ LHGQEQGHHG QEEQGLSPEH VEVYERTHGQ SHYRRRHCSR
    61  RRLHRIHRRQ HRSCRRRKRR SCRHRRRHRR GCRTRKRTCR RH

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against PRM2 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Intracellular
Secreted: No
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.69
Highest tissue expression: 11,179 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

testis: 11,179 nTPM
prostate: 9.1 nTPM
breast: 7.4 nTPM
skeletal muscle: 4.3 nTPM
colon: 3.9 nTPM
liver: 3.8 nTPM

Single-cell type

late spermatids: 867,690 nCPM
early spermatids: 76,882 nCPM
late primary spermatocytes: 5,212 nCPM
leydig cells: 692 nCPM
peritubular myoid cells: 461 nCPM
undifferentiated spermatogonia: 413 nCPM

Immune cell

basophil: 0 nTPM
classical monocyte: 0 nTPM
eosinophil: 0 nTPM
gdT-cell: 0 nTPM
intermediate monocyte: 0 nTPM
MAIT T-cell: 0 nTPM

Brain region

cerebellum: 0.1 nTPM
hypothalamus: 0.1 nTPM
pons: 0.1 nTPM
amygdala: 0 nTPM
basal ganglia: 0 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 0 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 1.39
gnomAD pLI: 0.02
gnomAD missense Z: -0.98
DepMap mean gene effect: -0.13
DepMap dependency class: selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 2% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

Protamine-2
Sperm histone P2

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of PRM2 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

TDRP

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads PRM2 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against PRM2 could matter depends on whether native PRM2 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

PRM2 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label PRM2 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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