Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

PNPLA4

Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 4

Also known as: DXS1283E, GS2, iPLA2eta, PLPL4_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: P41247
Gene: PNPLA4
Ensembl: ENSG00000006757
Chromosome: X
Canonical length: 253 aa
Protein class: Disease related genes, Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Plasma proteins, Potential drug targets, Predicted intracellular proteins

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a member of the patatin-like family of phospholipases. The encoded enzyme has both triacylglycerol lipase and transacylase activities and may be involved in adipocyte triglyceride homeostasis. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. A pseudogene of this gene is found on chromosome Y. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2010]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

253 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P41247|PNPLA4
     1  MKHINLSFAA CGFLGIYHLG AASALCRHGK KLVKDVKAFA GASAGSLVAS VLLTAPEKIE
    61  ECNQFTYKFA EEIRRQSFGA VTPGYDFMAR LRSGMESILP PSAHELAQNR LHVSITNAKT
   121  RENHLVSTFS SREDLIKVLL ASSFVPIYAG LKLVEYKGQK WVDGGLTNAL PILPVGRTVT
   181  ISPFSGRLDI SPQDKGQLDL YVNIAKQDIM LSLANLVRLN QALFPPSKRK MESLYQCGFD
   241  DTVKFLLKEN WFE

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against PNPLA4 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Intracellular
Secreted: No
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.24
Highest tissue expression: 73 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

skeletal muscle: 73 nTPM
tongue: 62 nTPM
heart muscle: 40 nTPM
kidney: 38 nTPM
liver: 37 nTPM
choroid plexus: 29 nTPM

Single-cell type

esophageal suprabasal cells: 131 nCPM
parietal cells: 106 nCPM
oocytes: 101 nCPM
esophageal apical cells: 86 nCPM
hepatocytes: 79 nCPM
esophageal basal cells: 76 nCPM

Immune cell

myeloid DC: 22 nTPM
naive B-cell: 17 nTPM
plasmacytoid DC: 16 nTPM
memory B-cell: 15 nTPM
intermediate monocyte: 14 nTPM
non-classical monocyte: 13 nTPM

Brain region

choroid plexus: 29 nTPM
hypothalamus: 26 nTPM
thalamus: 24 nTPM
midbrain: 22 nTPM
basal ganglia: 20 nTPM
medulla oblongata: 20 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 1.27
gnomAD pLI: 0
gnomAD missense Z: -0.15
DepMap mean gene effect: 0.1
DepMap dependency class: none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 6% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

Patatin-like phospholipase domain
Acyl transferase/acyl hydrolase/lysophospholipase
Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein
Patatin-like phospholipase
Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 4

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads PNPLA4 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against PNPLA4 could matter depends on whether native PNPLA4 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

PNPLA4 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label PNPLA4 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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