Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

NPTX1

Neuronal pentraxin-1

Also known as: NPTX1_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
Q15818
Gene
NPTX1
Ensembl
ENSG00000171246
Chromosome
17
Canonical length
432 aa
Protein class
Predicted intracellular proteins, Predicted secreted proteins, Transporters
Subcellular location
Golgi apparatus,Vesicles
Secretome location
Secreted in brain
Quaternary structure
Homooligomer

OverviewNCBI Gene

NPTX1 is a member of the neuronal pentraxin gene family. Neuronal pentraxin 1 is similar to the rat NP1 gene which encodes a binding protein for the snake venom toxin taipoxin. Human NPTX1 mRNA is exclusively localized to the nervous system. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

432 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q15818|NPTX1
     1  MPAGRAARTC ALLALCLLGA GAQDFGPTRF ICTSVPVDAD MCAASVAAGG AEELRSSVLQ
    61  LRETVLQQKE TILSQKETIR ELTAKLGRCE SQSTLDPGAG EARAGGGRKQ PGSGKNTMGD
   121  LSRTPAAETL SQLGQTLQSL KTRLENLEQY SRLNSSSQTN SLKDLLQSKI DELERQVLSR
   181  VNTLEEGKGG PRNDTEERVK IETALTSLHQ RISELEKGQK DNRPGDKFQL TFPLRTNYMY
   241  AKVKKSLPEM YAFTVCMWLK SSATPGVGTP FSYAVPGQAN ELVLIEWGNN PMEILINDKV
   301  AKLPFVINDG KWHHICVTWT TRDGVWEAYQ DGTQGGSGEN LAPYHPIKPQ GVLVLGQEQD
   361  TLGGGFDATQ AFVGELAHFN IWDRKLTPGE VYNLATCSTK ALSGNVIAWA ESHIEIYGGA
   421  TKWTFEACRQ IN

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against NPTX1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Secreted
Secreted
Yes
Transmembrane segments
0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.4
Highest tissue expression
188 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • cerebellum: 188 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 74 nTPM
  • hippocampal formation: 43 nTPM
  • amygdala: 40 nTPM
  • colon: 32 nTPM
  • basal ganglia: 13 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • cone photoreceptor cells: 108 nCPM
  • late spermatids: 103 nCPM
  • brain excitatory neurons: 102 nCPM
  • somatotrophs: 34 nCPM
  • retinal amacrine cells: 32 nCPM
  • brain inhibitory neurons: 15 nCPM

Immune cell

  • basophil: 0 nTPM
  • classical monocyte: 0 nTPM
  • eosinophil: 0 nTPM
  • gdT-cell: 0 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 0 nTPM
  • MAIT T-cell: 0 nTPM

Brain region

  • white matter: 275 nTPM
  • hippocampal formation: 274 nTPM
  • cerebral cortex: 273 nTPM
  • amygdala: 248 nTPM
  • cerebellum: 233 nTPM
  • basal ganglia: 178 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about NPTX1.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions NPTX1 is implicated in, by any mechanism.

Disease | GeneticClinVar

6 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 68 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
0.48
gnomAD pLI
0.63
gnomAD missense Z
1.87
DepMap mean gene effect
-0.05
DepMap dependency class
selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 3% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads NPTX1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against NPTX1 could matter depends on whether native NPTX1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

NPTX1 is annotated as secreted, so native NPTX1 circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label NPTX1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/NPTX1. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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