Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

MGST1

Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1

Also known as: GST12, MGST-I, MGST1_HUMAN, PMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession
P10620
Gene
MGST1
Ensembl
ENSG00000008394
Chromosome
12
Canonical length
155 aa
Protein class
Enzymes, Metabolic proteins, Predicted membrane proteins
Subcellular location
Endoplasmic reticulum,Mitochondria
Quaternary structure
Homotrimer

OverviewNCBI Gene

The MAPEG (Membrane Associated Proteins in Eicosanoid and Glutathione metabolism) family consists of six human proteins, two of which are involved in the production of leukotrienes and prostaglandin E, important mediators of inflammation. Other family members, demonstrating glutathione S-transferase and peroxidase activities, are involved in cellular defense against toxic, carcinogenic, and pharmacologically active electrophilic compounds. This gene encodes a protein that catalyzes the conjugation of glutathione to electrophiles and the reduction of lipid hydroperoxides. This protein is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum and outer mitochondrial membrane where it is thought to protect these membranes from oxidative stress. Several transcript variants, some non-protein coding and some protein coding, have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2012]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

155 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P10620|MGST1
     1  MVDLTQVMDD EVFMAFASYA TIILSKMMLM STATAFYRLT RKVFANPEDC VAFGKGENAK
    61  KYLRTDDRVE RVRRAHLNDL ENIIPFLGIG LLYSLSGPDP STAILHFRLF VGARIYHTIA
   121  YLTPLPQPNR ALSFFVGYGV TLSMAYRLLK SKLYL

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against MGST1 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability
Other membrane
Secreted
No
Transmembrane segments
4
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA)
0.33
Highest tissue expression
2,899 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

  • liver: 2,899 nTPM
  • adrenal gland: 1,045 nTPM
  • adipose tissue: 1,029 nTPM
  • breast: 549 nTPM
  • kidney: 366 nTPM
  • colon: 295 nTPM

Single-cell type

  • hepatocytes: 5,068 nCPM
  • alveolar cells type 2: 2,178 nCPM
  • transitional alveolar cells: 1,537 nCPM
  • alveolar cells type 1: 1,351 nCPM
  • adipocytes: 1,314 nCPM
  • endometrial glandular cells: 1,214 nCPM

Immune cell

  • classical monocyte: 171 nTPM
  • myeloid DC: 124 nTPM
  • total PBMC: 56 nTPM
  • plasmacytoid DC: 34 nTPM
  • intermediate monocyte: 26 nTPM
  • basophil: 11 nTPM

Brain region

  • pons: 146 nTPM
  • hypothalamus: 143 nTPM
  • medulla oblongata: 124 nTPM
  • midbrain: 121 nTPM
  • thalamus: 106 nTPM
  • spinal cord: 101 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance)
1.72
gnomAD pLI
0
gnomAD missense Z
-0.5
DepMap mean gene effect
0.19
DepMap dependency class
none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 5% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads MGST1 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against MGST1 could matter depends on whether native MGST1 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

MGST1 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label MGST1 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

Canonical record: https://seroatlas.com/gene/MGST1. Study-independent annotations aggregated from UniProt, Human Protein Atlas, PubMed, IEDB, Pfam, InterPro, Gene Ontology, AlphaFold, gnomAD, DepMap, ClinVar, TCGA. Catalog release seroatlas-reviewed-human-uniprot-20260313.

Seroatlas is the reference for exploring autoantibody and antibody serology at the human-protein level: the autoreactome and human serome, multiplex serology (HuProt, HuScan, VirScan, PhIP-Seq).

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