Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

LYZ

Lysozyme C

Also known as: LYSC_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: P61626
Gene: LYZ
Ensembl: ENSG00000090382
Chromosome: 12
Canonical length: 148 aa
Protein class: Disease related genes, Enzymes, Human disease related genes, Plasma proteins, Potential drug targets, Predicted secreted proteins
Subcellular location: Nucleoplasm,Golgi apparatus,Actin filaments
Secretome location: Secreted to blood

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes human lysozyme, whose natural substrate is the bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan (cleaving the beta[1-4]glycosidic linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetylglucosamine). Lysozyme is one of the antimicrobial agents found in human milk, and is also present in spleen, lung, kidney, white blood cells, plasma, saliva, and tears. The protein has antibacterial activity against a number of bacterial species. Missense mutations in this gene have been identified in heritable renal amyloidosis. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2014]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

148 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>P61626|LYZ
     1  MKALIVLGLV LLSVTVQGKV FERCELARTL KRLGMDGYRG ISLANWMCLA KWESGYNTRA
    61  TNYNAGDRST DYGIFQINSR YWCNDGKTPG AVNACHLSCS ALLQDNIADA VACAKRVVRD
   121  PQGIRAWVAW RNRCQNRDVR QYVQGCGV

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against LYZ can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Secreted
Secreted: Yes
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.32
Highest tissue expression: 21,194 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

salivary gland: 21,194 nTPM
bone marrow: 9,985 nTPM
stomach: 8,449 nTPM
duodenum: 3,396 nTPM
lung: 1,277 nTPM
small intestine: 1,244 nTPM

Single-cell type

lacrimal acinar cells: 57,295 nCPM
monocyte progenitors: 20,027 nCPM
breast lactating cells: 12,440 nCPM
mucous neck cells: 10,561 nCPM
submucosal glandular cells: 8,175 nCPM
monocytes: 6,374 nCPM

Immune cell

total PBMC: 25,379 nTPM
classical monocyte: 25,284 nTPM
myeloid DC: 14,449 nTPM
intermediate monocyte: 4,798 nTPM
neutrophil: 1,009 nTPM
non-classical monocyte: 884 nTPM

Brain region

pons: 23 nTPM
white matter: 21 nTPM
thalamus: 21 nTPM
choroid plexus: 21 nTPM
medulla oblongata: 14 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 12 nTPM

DiseaseUniProt · ClinVar · IEDB · PubMed

Four sources answering four different questions about LYZ.

Disease | AllUniProt

Conditions LYZ is implicated in, by any mechanism.

Amyloidosis, hereditary systemic 5 (AMYLD5) MIM:620658

Disease | GeneticClinVar

4 pathogenic / likely-pathogenic of 102 ClinVar records.

Conditions with pathogenic or likely-pathogenic variants.

Amyloidosis, hereditary systemic 5
Familial visceral amyloidosis, Ostertag type

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 1.79
gnomAD pLI: 0
gnomAD missense Z: 0.73
DepMap mean gene effect: -0.12
DepMap dependency class: selective

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 4% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of LYZ in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads LYZ as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against LYZ could matter depends on whether native LYZ is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

LYZ is annotated as secreted, so native LYZ circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label LYZ as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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