Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

GGTLC3

Glutathione hydrolase light chain 3

Also known as: GGTL3_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: B5MD39
Gene: GGTLC3
Ensembl: ENSG00000274252
Chromosome: 22
Canonical length: 225 aa
Protein class: Metabolic proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins

OverviewNCBI Gene

Gamma-glutamyltransferase-1 (GGT1; MIM 612346) is a membrane-bound extracellular enzyme that cleaves gamma-glutamyl peptide bonds in glutathione and other peptides and transfers the gamma-glutamyl moiety to acceptors. Autocatalytic cleavage of the GGT1 precursor polypeptide produces a heavy chain and a light chain that associate with each other to form the functional enzyme. Light chain-only GGTs, such as GGTLC3, contain a region corresponding to the GGT1 light chain, but they lack the membrane-anchoring heavy chain region (Heisterkamp et al., 2008 [PubMed 18357469]).[supplied by OMIM, Oct 2008]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

225 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>B5MD39|GGTLC3
     1  MTSEFFAAQL RSQISDHTTH PISYYKPEFY TPDDGGTAHL SVVAEDGSAV SATSTINLYF
    61  GSKVCSPVSG ILFNNEWTTS ALPAFTNEFG APPSPANFIQ PGKQPLLSMC PTIMVGQDGQ
   121  VRMVVGAAGG TQITTDTALA IIYNLWFGYD VKRAVEEPRL HNKLLPNVTT VERNIDQAVT
   181  AALETRHHHT QIASTFIAVV QAIVRTAGGW AAASDSRKGG EPAGY

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against GGTLC3 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Unknown
Secreted: No
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.34
Highest tissue expression: 12 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

kidney: 12 nTPM
thyroid gland: 8.2 nTPM
testis: 2.2 nTPM
lung: 2.1 nTPM
salivary gland: 1.4 nTPM
small intestine: 1.2 nTPM

Single-cell type

alveolar cells type 1: 2.9 nCPM
late spermatids: 0.7 nCPM
renal connecting tubule cells: 0.2 nCPM
alveolar cells type 2: 0.1 nCPM
breast secretory cells: 0.1 nCPM
cytotrophoblasts: 0.1 nCPM

Immune cell

basophil: 0 nTPM
classical monocyte: 0 nTPM
eosinophil: 0 nTPM
gdT-cell: 0 nTPM
intermediate monocyte: 0 nTPM
MAIT T-cell: 0 nTPM

Brain region

cerebral cortex: 0.4 nTPM
basal ganglia: 0.3 nTPM
hippocampal formation: 0.2 nTPM
white matter: 0.2 nTPM
amygdala: 0.1 nTPM
hypothalamus: 0.1 nTPM

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

glutathione hydrolase activity

Cellular components

extracellular exosome

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads GGTLC3 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against GGTLC3 could matter depends on whether native GGTLC3 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

GGTLC3 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label GGTLC3 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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