Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

GGTLC2

Glutathione hydrolase light chain 2

Also known as: GGTL2_HUMAN, GGTL4

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: Q14390
Gene: GGTLC2
Ensembl: ENSG00000100121
Chromosome: 22
Canonical length: 218 aa
Protein class: Metabolic proteins, Predicted intracellular proteins

OverviewNCBI Gene

This gene encodes a protein related to enzymes that cleaves gamma-glutamyl peptide bonds in glutathione and other peptides. Unlike similar proteins, the encoded protein contains only the light chain portion and may not have catalytic activity. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. There are several related family members and related pseudogene for this gene situated in the same region of chromosome 22. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2013]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

218 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q14390|GGTLC2
     1  MTSEFFAAQL RAQISDDTTH PISYYKPEFY TPVDGGTAHL SVVAEDGSAV SATSTINLYF
    61  GSKVRSPVSE ILFNDEMDDF SSPNITNEFG VPPSPANFIQ PGKQPLSSMC PTIMVGQDGQ
   121  PPSHADHTPM PQAIIYNLWF GYDVKRAVEE PRLHNQLLPN VTTVERNIDQ AVTAALETRH
   181  HHTQIASTFI AVVQAIVRTA GGWAAASDSR KGGEPAGY

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against GGTLC2 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Unknown
Secreted: No
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.36
Highest tissue expression: 35 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

testis: 35 nTPM
spleen: 4.6 nTPM
appendix: 2.4 nTPM
skin: 2.2 nTPM
bone marrow: 2.1 nTPM
choroid plexus: 1.9 nTPM

Single-cell type

late spermatids: 55 nCPM
late primary spermatocytes: 27 nCPM
early spermatids: 20 nCPM
early primary spermatocytes: 2.7 nCPM
alveolar cells type 1: 1.8 nCPM
epididymal efferent duct ciliated cells: 1.7 nCPM

Immune cell

NK-cell: 9.4 nTPM
basophil: 5.9 nTPM
naive CD8 T-cell: 3.4 nTPM
naive B-cell: 3.2 nTPM
plasmacytoid DC: 2.6 nTPM
naive CD4 T-cell: 2.4 nTPM

Brain region

white matter: 52 nTPM
cerebellum: 36 nTPM
medulla oblongata: 35 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 34 nTPM
pons: 33 nTPM
basal ganglia: 32 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 1.75
gnomAD pLI: 0
gnomAD missense Z: -0.65
DepMap mean gene effect: -1.04
DepMap dependency class: common

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 3% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

glutathione hydrolase activity

Cellular components

extracellular exosome

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads GGTLC2 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against GGTLC2 could matter depends on whether native GGTLC2 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

GGTLC2 is annotated as predominantly intracellular. Intracellular proteins are common autoantibody markers, becoming visible to the immune system after cell injury or altered processing, but are usually markers of disease rather than direct drivers.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label GGTLC2 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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