Seroatlas · Human Serome Atlas

FGF21

Fibroblast growth factor 21

Also known as: FGF21_HUMAN

Cross-references: UniProt · Ensembl · Human Protein Atlas · GeneCards · NCBI Gene

Protein identityUniProt · HPA

UniProt accession: Q9NSA1
Gene: FGF21
Ensembl: ENSG00000105550
Chromosome: 19
Canonical length: 209 aa
Protein class: Predicted secreted proteins, RAS pathway related proteins
Secretome location: Secreted to blood

OverviewNCBI Gene

Theis gene encodes a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. FGF family members possess broad mitogenic and cell survival activities and are involved in a variety of biological processes. This protein is a secreted endocrine factor that functions as a major metabolic regulator. The encoded protein stimulates the uptake of glucose in adipose tissue. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2016]

Canonical amino-acid sequenceUniProt

209 residues, UniProt reviewed canonical sequence.

>Q9NSA1|FGF21
     1  MDSDETGFEH SGLWVSVLAG LLLGACQAHP IPDSSPLLQF GGQVRQRYLY TDDAQQTEAH
    61  LEIREDGTVG GAADQSPESL LQLKALKPGV IQILGVKTSR FLCQRPDGAL YGSLHFDPEA
   121  CSFRELLLED GYNVYQSEAH GLPLHLPGNK SPHRDPAPRG PARFLPLPGL PPALPEPPGI
   181  LAPQPPDVGS SDPLSMVGPS QGRSPSYAS

LocalizationUniProt · AlphaFold · HPA

Whether an antibody against FGF21 can act on the native protein depends on physical access: surface and secreted proteins are reachable by circulating antibodies, intracellular proteins usually are not.

Antibody reachability: Secreted
Secreted: Yes
Transmembrane segments: 0
Mean surface accessibility (rSASA): 0.44
Highest tissue expression: 79 nTPM

Expression across tissuesHPA

Tissue

liver: 79 nTPM
skeletal muscle: 0.7 nTPM
pancreas: 0.4 nTPM
cerebellum: 0.1 nTPM
thyroid gland: 0.1 nTPM
adipose tissue: 0 nTPM

Single-cell type

hepatocytes: 7.7 nCPM
cholangiocytes: 2 nCPM
early spermatids: 0.1 nCPM
goblet cells: 0.1 nCPM
migrating cytotrophoblasts: 0.1 nCPM
myonuclei: 0.1 nCPM

Immune cell

basophil: 0 nTPM
classical monocyte: 0 nTPM
eosinophil: 0 nTPM
gdT-cell: 0 nTPM
intermediate monocyte: 0 nTPM
MAIT T-cell: 0 nTPM

Brain region

amygdala: 0 nTPM
basal ganglia: 0 nTPM
cerebellum: 0 nTPM
cerebral cortex: 0 nTPM
choroid plexus: 0 nTPM
hippocampal formation: 0 nTPM

Genetic constraint and essentialitygnomAD · DepMap

Does the body need this protein intact? Low LOEUF or a strong DepMap dependency means loss or blockade of the protein is likely to be felt.

gnomAD LOEUF (loss-of-function intolerance): 1.3
gnomAD pLI: 0.03
gnomAD missense Z: -0.3
DepMap mean gene effect: -0.05
DepMap dependency class: none

Cancer expressionTCGA

Across TCGA tumor cohorts, this protein is over-expressed in roughly 3% of surveyed tumor types (aggregate summary; per-cohort expression, alteration, and survival load in the interactive view).

OntologyGO

Biological processes

Molecular functions

Cellular components

Protein domainsUniProt · Pfam · InterPro

KeywordsUniProt

InteractionsUniProt · HPA

Protein binding partners of FGF21 in the human serome: UniProt-annotated complex subunits plus reported interactors. Each links to its own Seroatlas record.

FGFR4

Antibody and autoantibody relevanceSeroatlas analysis

Seroatlas reads FGF21 as an antibody target. Whether an autoantibody or antibody against FGF21 could matter depends on whether native FGF21 is physically reachable, whether the body needs it intact, and whether it acts in a disease-relevant tissue.

FGF21 is annotated as secreted, so native FGF21 circulates and is directly accessible to antibodies. Secreted and cell-surface proteins are the autoantibody targets most likely to act like drugs, blocking or depleting the native protein.

Annotation status

The present source text does not explicitly label FGF21 as an autoantigen. Seroatlas presents hypothesis context only and does not manufacture a known-serology claim.

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